Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34706582›Full record

ArticleCancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center

Knowledge and Beliefs of Cancer Risk Factors and Early Cancer Symptoms in Lebanon: A Cross-sectional Survey Among Adults in the Community.

Georges Hatem, Diana Ghanem, Eliane Kellen, Ibrahim AlZaim, Mathijs Goossens

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Georges Hatem63572Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8766-623X
Diana Ghanem63572Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Eliane KellenCentre for Cancer Detection, Bruges, Belgium.
Ibrahim AlZaim63572Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Mathijs GoossensCentre for Cancer Detection, Bruges, Belgium.
Lebanese University · LB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLebanon has an increasing cancer burden. Sufficient knowledge of cancer risk factors and early cancer symptoms can help lower cancer burden by facilitating primary prevention and early diagnosis. This study (i) assessed Lebanese adults' knowledge and beliefs of cancer risk factors and early cancer symptoms, (ii) analyzed whether knowledge was correlated with personal behavior, and (iii) assessed the presence of barriers that keep knowledge from turning into healthcare seeking behavior.

methodsWe performed a cross-sectional survey in the Lebanese adult population, consisting of a questionnaire administered during face-to-face interviews on a community-based non-probability sample (n = 726) that was frequency matched to national government estimates on age, level of education and gender.

resultsRecognition was high for carcinogens and protective factors (75%), but low for neutral factors (22%) which were often seen as carcinogenic. A quarter of participants (27.8%) could not name any early warning signs. For some risk factors, high knowledge scores were correlated with low-risk behavior, but this was not the case for cigarette smoking. The most frequent barriers for not seeking timely care were financial (57.0%) fear of finding illness (53.7%), and having other things to worry about (42.4%).

conclusionThis study revealed important knowledge gaps which are likely to hamper primary prevention and early diagnosis. However, we also showed that high

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeAdultAgedAge FactorsCross-Sectional StudiesEarly Detection of CancerEducational StatusFemaleHealth BehaviorHumansLebanonLife StyleMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsPatient Acceptance of Health Carecancer knowledge and beliefscancer preventioncancer riskepidemiologyhealth promotionpopulationrisk factorstobacco control

Identifiers

PMID34706582
PMCPMC8558592
OpenAlexW3209456372

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.