ArticlePractical laboratory medicine2021
Multiple myeloma: Detection of free monoclonal light chains by modified immunofixation electrophoresis with antisera against free light chains.
Article in Practical laboratory medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Serum free light chain concentration and ratio-based criterion for myeloma-defining event, in its current version, is untenable.British journal of haematology · 2026Review
- Automated detection of free monoclonal light chains by enhanced-sensitivity modified immunofixation electrophoresis with antisera against free light chains.Laboratory medicine · 2025Article
- [A protein-specific quantitative detection method based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and online fluorescence imaging].Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography · 2025Article
- Screening for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is contraindicated.British journal of haematology · 2025Review
- Clinical and Renal Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma with Involved Free Light Chains Exceeding 1000 mg/L at Diagnosis: Insights from an Indian Cohort.Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion · 2025Article
- Clinical significance of FLC tests in patients without other evidence of hematologic disorder.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Progression free survival of myeloma patients who become IFE-negative correlates with the detection of residual monoclonal free light chain (FLC) by mass spectrometry.Blood cancer journal · 2024Article
- Performance Characteristics and Limitations of the Available Assays for the Detection and Quantitation of Monoclonal Free Light Chains and New Emerging Methodologies.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionNeoplastic monoclonal gammopathies are frequently associated with production of excess free monoclonal light chains. A sensitive method for detecting free monoclonal light chains in serum could provide a marker for residual/minimal residual disease and as an adjunct to serum protein electrophoresis to serve as a screening method for monoclonal gammopathies.
methodsConventional serum immunofixation electrophoresis was modified by applying undiluted serum samples, and staining for serum free light chains with antisera specific to free light chains. Washing/blotting of gels was enhanced to remove residual proteins that did not bind to the antibodies including intact monoclonal immunoglobulins. Results from this modified immunofixation electrophoresis were compared with results from commercially available MASS-FIX/MALDI assay.
resultsMonoclonal free kappa light chains could be detected to a concentration of about 1.78 mg/L and monoclonal free lambda light chains to a concentration of about 1.15 mg/L without the need for special equipment. Comparison of these thresholds with parallel results from a commercially available MASS-FIX/MALDI assay revealed the modified electrophoretic method to be more sensitive in the context of free monoclonal light chains.
conclusionsModified serum immunofixation electrophoresis has been shown to detect low levels of monoclonal free light chains at a sensitivity suitable for the method to be used in detecting minimal residual disease, and potentially in a screening assay for monoclonal gammopathies. The disparity in the results with commercially available MASS-FIX/MALDI assay is postulated to be due to limited repertoire of reactivity of nanobodies of camelid origin.
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