ArticleInternational journal of women's health2021
Current Perspectives of Prenatal Sonography of Umbilical Cord Morphology.
Article in International journal of women's health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anatomical and Functional Insights Into Hyrtl's Anastomosis: Implications for Placental and Fetal Vascular Dynamics.Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- Prenatal diagnosis and perinatal outcomes of umbilical cord hemangioma: two case reports and a literature-based perspective.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- What is your diagnosis?Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association · 2025Article
- Umbilical Cord Tensile Strength Under Varying Strain Rates.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Umbilical Artery Thrombosis Masquerading as Single Umbilical Artery in a Stillbirth.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- From dual to single umbilical artery: a case of umbilical artery thrombosis with hypercoiling and literature review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Possible protective role of the absence of Hyrtl's anastomosis in monochorionic pregnancy: exploratory case series.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Risk Factors of Velamentous Cord Insertion in Singleton Pregnancies-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Pregnancy and umbilical cord pathology: structural and functional parameters of the umbilical cord.Journal of medicine and life · 2023Article
- Umbilical Artery Thrombosis After Selective Termination in Dichorionic Diamniotic Twin Pregnancy: A Case Report.International journal of women's health · 2023Article
- Placental and Umbilical Cord Anomalies Diagnosed by Two- and Three-Dimensional Ultrasound.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Fetal umbilical artery thrombosis: prenatal diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2022Article
- The Diagnostic Accuracy of Transabdominal and Transvaginal Color Doppler Ultrasound for Pregnant Women with Vasa Previa and Velamentous Cord Insertion.Journal of environmental and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The umbilical cord constitutes a continuation of the fetal cardiovascular system anatomically bridging between the placenta and the fetus. This structure, critical in human development, enables mobility of the developing fetus within the gestational sac in contrast to the placenta, which is anchored to the uterine wall. The umbilical cord is protected by unique, robust anatomical features, which include: length of the umbilical cord, Wharton's jelly, two umbilical arteries, coiling, and suspension in amniotic fluid. These features all contribute to protect and buffer this essential structure from potential detrimental twisting, shearing, torsion, and compression forces throughout gestation, and specifically during labor and delivery. The arterial components of the umbilical cord are further protected by the presence of Hyrtl's anastomosis between the two respective umbilical arteries. Abnormalities of the umbilical cord are uncommon yet include excessively long or short cords, hyper or hypocoiling, cysts, single umbilical artery, supernumerary vessels, rarely an absent umbilical cord, stricture, furcate and velamentous insertions (including vasa previa), umbilical vein and arterial thrombosis, umbilical artery aneurysm, hematomas, and tumors (including hemangioma angiomyxoma and teratoma). This commentary will address current perspectives of prenatal sonography of the umbilical cord, including structural anomalies and the potential impact of future imaging technologies.
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