ReviewNeuropsychiatric disease and treatment2021
Tardive Dyskinesia in Older Persons Taking Antipsychotics.
Review in Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tardive Oropharyngeal Dyskinesia Associated With Antipsychotic Use in the Management of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia.Journal of medical cases · 2026Article
- VMAT2 inhibitors for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: a narrative review.CNS spectrums · 2025Review
- Real-World Claims Analysis to Characterize the Burden of Tardive Dyskinesia in Long-Term Care Settings.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Safety assessment of deutetrabenazine: real-world adverse event analysis from the FAERS database.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Impact of tardive dyskinesia on patients and caregivers: a survey of caregivers in the United States.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2023Article
- Deep Brain Stimulation in the Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Motor- and cognition-related safety of pimavanserin in patients with Parkinson's disease psychosis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder caused by the use of dopamine receptor-blocking agents (DRBAs), a category of medications that includes first- and second-generation antipsychotics (APs) and agents such as metoclopramide that are used for the treatment of nausea and gastrointestinal dysmotility. While TD can affect people of all ages, older age is associated with increased risk of TD and also with the emergence of TD occurring after shorter treatment durations and lower dosages of DRBAs. TD is characterized by involuntary movements that include the face, limbs, and trunk, and is associated with increased comorbidities, social stigmatization, and impaired physical and mental health. Once present, TD tends to persist despite AP dose adjustment or discontinuation. Even with the use of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications for TD, symptoms may persist. Because the leading hypothesis for the pathophysiology of TD has been dysregulation of dopamine transmission due to treatment with DRBAs, APs that avoid postsynaptic dopamine receptor blockade may provide an alternative therapeutic approach for patients who require an AP. In this review, we discuss the risks, burdens, prevention, and management of TD, with a focus on older people.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.