Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34703223›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2021

Mercaptopurine-Loaded Sandwiched Tri-Layered Composed of Electrospun Polycaprolactone/Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Nanofibrous Scaffolds as Anticancer Carrier with Antimicrobial and Antibiotic Features: Sandwich Configuration Nanofibers, Release Study and in vitro Bioevaluation Tests.

Samar A Salim, Elbadawy A Kamoun, Stephen Evans, Shahira H El-Moslamy, Esmail M El-Fakharany, Mohamed M Elmazar, A F Abdel-Aziz, R H Abou-Saleh, Taher A Salaheldin

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Samar A SalimNanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, 11837, Egypt.
Elbadawy A KamounNanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, 11837, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-0649-5986
Stephen EvansMolecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
Shahira H El-MoslamyBioprocess Development Dep., GEBRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, 21934, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0003-0836-1444
Esmail M El-FakharanyProtein Research Dep. GEBRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, 21934, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-0724-8477
Mohamed M ElmazarFaculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, 11837, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-5076-9817
A F Abdel-AzizBiochemistry Group, Chemistry Dep., Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
R H Abou-SalehBiophysics Group, Dep. of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-8471-2659
Taher A SalaheldinPharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, 12144, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8043-4911
British University in Egypt · EGCity of Scientific Research and Technological Applications · EGAlbany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences · USMansoura University · EGSuez University · EGUniversity of Leeds · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) is a potential anti-cancer agent which its therapeutic and limitation applicability due to its high toxicity.

objectiveHerein, 6-MP was loaded into tri-layered sandwich nanofibrous scaffold (the top layer composed of poly methyl methacrylate/polycaprolactone (PMMA/PCL), the middle layer was PCL/PMMA/6-MP, and the bottom layer was PCL/PMMA to improve its bioactivity, adjusting the release-sustainability and reduce its toxicity.

methodsElectrospun tri-layered nanofibers composed of PCL/PMMA were utilized as nano-mats for controlling sustained drug release. Four groups of sandwich scaffold configurations were investigated with alteration of (PMMA: PCL) composition.

resultsThe sandwich scaffold composed of 2%PCL/4%PMMA/1%6-MP showed the best miscibility, good homogeneity and produced the smoothest nanofibers and low crystallinity. All fabricated 6-MP-loaded-PCL/PMMA scaffolds exhibited antimicrobial properties on the bacterial and fungal organisms, where the cytotoxicity evaluation proved the safety of scaffolds on normal cells, even at high concentration. Scaffolds provided a sustained-drug release profile that was strongly dependent on (PCL: PMMA). As (PCL: PMMA) decreased, the sustained 6-MP release from PCL/PMMA scaffolds increased. Results established that ~18% and 20% of 6-MP were released after 23h from (4%PCL/4%PMMA/1%6-MP) and (2%PCL/4%PMMA/1%6-MP), respectively, where this release was maintained for more than 20 days. The anti-cancer activity of all fabricated scaffolds was also investigated using different cancerous cell lines (e.g.,

conclusionOverall, the PCL: PMMA ratio and sandwich configuration imparts a tight control on long-term release profile and initial burst of 6-MP for anticancer treatment purposes.

Indexed as

Anti-Infective AgentsNanofibersAnti-Bacterial AgentsCaco-2 CellsHumansMercaptopurinePolyestersPolymethyl MethacrylateTissue EngineeringTissue ScaffoldsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAnti-Infective AgentsMercaptopurinepolycaprolactonePolyestersPolymethyl Methacrylate6-Mercaptopurine6-MPanticancerPCL/PMMApolycaprolactone/poly methyl methacrylatesandwich scaffoldsustained drug release

Identifiers

PMID34703223
PMCPMC8525416
OpenAlexW3205480605

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.