Observational studyJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2021
Humoral immunogenicity of the seasonal influenza vaccine before and after CAR-T-cell therapy: a prospective observational study.
Observational study in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Best Practice Considerations by The American Society of Transplant and Cellular Therapy: Infection Prevention and Management After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy for Hematological Malignancies.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2024Guideline
- Vaccination of Adults With Cancer: ASCO Guideline.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Guideline
- Influenza Vaccines for Persons Who Are Immunocompromised: A Scoping Review of the Literature.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Blinatumomab limits humoral antibody response despite boosting the influenza vaccine schedule in children with B-ALL.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Influence of B cell-lineage targeted CAR-T cell therapy on humoral immunity and vaccine-induced antibody response.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Factors Affecting Immune Reconstitution Post-Allogeneic HSCT in Children: The Case for an Individualized Approach to Vaccination.European journal of haematology · 2026Review
- Vaccination should not be forgotten in patients receiving immunoglobulin replacement therapy.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Practical recommendations for infectious prophylaxis and vaccination in multiple myeloma patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- COVID-19 Infection Confirmed by Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Metagenomics -Next-Generation Sequencing Instead of Pharyngeal Swabs in Follicular Lymphoma: Three-Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2025Review
- Review
- CAR T cell therapy for children with rheumatic disease: the time is now.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Review
- Humoral vaccine responses following Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell therapy for hematological malignancies.Blood cancer journal · 2025Article
- Noncanonical and mortality-defining toxicities of CAR T cell therapy.Nature medicine · 2025Review
- T Cell Immune Response to Influenza Vaccination When Administered Prior to and Following Autologous Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified T Cell Therapy.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2025Article
- In-depth plasma proteomics reveals the dynamic changes and prognostic biomarkers for chimeric antigen receptor-glypican-3 T-cell therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Gastroenterology report · 2025Article
- Mitigating and managing infection risk in adults treated with CAR T-cell therapy.Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program · 2024Review
- CAR-T-Cell Therapy for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comprehensive Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Outcomes in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy Recipients With Pre-Cellular Therapy SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Late events after anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
18 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recipients of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cell therapies for B cell malignancies have profound and prolonged immunodeficiencies and are at risk for serious infections, including respiratory virus infections. Vaccination may be important for infection prevention, but there are limited data on vaccine immunogenicity in this population. We conducted a prospective observational study of the humoral immunogenicity of commercially available 2019-2020 inactivated influenza vaccines in adults immediately prior to or while in durable remission after CD19-, CD20-, or B cell maturation antigen-targeted CAR-T-cell therapy, as well as controls. We tested for antibodies to all four vaccine strains using neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays. Antibody responses were defined as at least fourfold titer increases from baseline. Seroprotection was defined as a HAI titer ≥40. Enrolled CAR-T-cell recipients were vaccinated 14-29 days prior to (n=5) or 13-57 months following therapy (n=13), and the majority had hypogammaglobulinemia and cellular immunodeficiencies prevaccination. Eight non-immunocompromised adults served as controls. Antibody responses to ≥1 vaccine strain occurred in 2 (40%) individuals before CAR-T-cell therapy and in 4 (31%) individuals vaccinated after CAR-T-cell therapy. An additional 1 (20%) and 6 (46%) individuals had at least twofold increases, respectively. One individual vaccinated prior to CAR-T-cell therapy maintained a response for >3 months following therapy. Across all tested vaccine strains, seroprotection was less frequent in CAR-T-cell recipients than in controls. There was evidence of immunogenicity even among individuals with low immunoglobulin, CD19
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.