Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34702411›Full record

ArticleCambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees2021

Closed-Loop Brain Devices in Offender Rehabilitation: Autonomy, Human Rights, and Accountability.

Sjors Ligthart, Tijs Kooijmans, Thomas Douglas, Gerben Meynen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sjors LigthartDepartment of Criminal Law, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Tijs KooijmansDepartment of Criminal Law, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Thomas DouglasOxford Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics, Faculty of Philosophy and Jesus College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Gerben MeynenWillem Pompe Institute, Utrecht University & Philosophy, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The current debate on closed-loop brain devices (CBDs) mainly focuses on their use in a medical context; possible criminal justice applications have only received incidental scholarly attention. Unlike in medicine, in criminal justice, CBDs might be offered on behalf of the State and for the purpose of protecting security, rather than realizing healthcare aims. It would be possible to deploy CBDs in the rehabilitation of convicted offenders, similarly to the much-debated possibility of employing other brain interventions in this context. Although such use of CBDs could in principle be consensual, there are significant differences between the choice faced by a criminal offender offered a CBD in the context of criminal justice, and that faced by a patient offered a CBD in an ordinary healthcare context. Employment of CBDs in criminal justice thus raises ethical and legal intricacies not raised by healthcare applications. This paper examines some of these issues under three heads: autonomy, human rights, and accountability.

Indexed as

CriminalsBrainCriminal LawHuman RightsHumansSocial Responsibilityaccountabilityautonomybrain interventionsclosed-loop brain devicescriminal justicehuman rightsoffender rehabilitation

Identifiers

PMID34702411
PMCPMC8549003

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.