ArticleCytokine2022
Maternal C3 complement and C-reactive protein and pregnancy and fetal outcomes: A secondary analysis of the PEARS RCT-An mHealth-supported, lifestyle intervention among pregnant women with overweight and obesity.
Article in Cytokine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal Well-Being and Stage of Behaviour Change during Pregnancy: A Secondary Analysis of the PEARS Randomised Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Association Between Maternal C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Levels and Adverse Neonatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Relationship between the dietary inflammatory index and immune function during pregnancy - A secondary analysis of the MicrobeMom2 Study.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Proteomic analysis of plasma total exosomes and placenta-derived exosomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus in the first and second trimesters.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Is the Complement System Dysregulated in Preeclampsia Comorbid with HIV Infection?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Expression of long non-coding RNA GAS5 by first trimester screening predicts the occurrence of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024Article
- Is the central complement component C3 altered in the synergy of HIV infection and preeclampsia?European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2023Article
- Alternative pathway activation in pregnancy, a measured amount "complements" a successful pregnancy, too much results in adverse events.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- Exosome Proteomics Reveals the Deregulation of Coagulation, Complement and Lipid Metabolism Proteins in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Higher Inflammation Is Associated with Cardiometabolic Phenotype and Biochemical Health in Women with Obesity.Annals of nutrition & metabolism · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesElevated circulating levels of complement component 3 (C3) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been linked with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Lifestyle interventions may hold potential to ameliorate these effects. We investigated the effect of an antenatal healthy lifestyle intervention on maternal C3 and CRP concentrations and assessed their relationship with maternal and fetal metabolic markers and outcomes. STUDY
designSecondary analysis of data from the Pregnancy Exercise And Nutrition Research Study (PEARS) randomized controlled trial.
methodsWomen (n = 406) with C3 and CRP concentrations determined in early pregnancy (14-16 weeks) and/or late pregnancy (28-weeks) with corresponding fasting glucose, insulin, c-peptide, and lipid profiles were included in the analysis. Pregnancy outcomes included: diagnoses of gestational diabetes (GDM), pre-eclampsia (PET) or pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), pre-term birth (delivery < 37 weeks), low birth weight (<2500 g), small-for-gestational age (SGA) defined using < 5th or 10th centile for birthweight and cord blood measures of glucose and lipid metabolism. T-tests investigated changes in C3 and CRP over time. Chi-square, Pearson's' correlations and multiple regression investigated relationships with outcomes.
resultsThe PEARS intervention did not influence maternal C3 or CRP concentrations in pregnancy. There was no relationship between CRP concentrations and any maternal or infant outcome. Women who developed GDM had higher C3 concentrations in early (p = 0.01) and late pregnancy (p = 0.02). Women who developed PIH/PET had lower C3 concentrations in early (p = 0.02), but not late (p = 0.10) pregnancy. Maternal C3 concentrations in early pregnancy were a small but significant predictor of maternal insulin concentrations in early (β = 0.40, 95% CI 0.27, 0.53; p < 0.001) and late (β = 0.30, 95% CI 0.17, 0.43p < 0.001) pregnancy, early total cholesterol (TC), and both early and late triglycerides, LDL and HDL Cholesterol concentrations (all p < 0.001). Women who delivered SGA babies (<10th centile) had lower C3 concentrations than women who did not in both early (p < 0.001) and late pregnancy (p = 0.01). No relationship between maternal C3 or CRP and fetal glucose concentrations or lipid profiles was observed.
conclusionMaternal C3 may play a role in multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes including cardiometabolic ill-health. Further research on this, and strategies to reduce C3 in a pregnant population, are warranted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.