Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34698821›Full record

ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2022

COVID-19 infection, admission and death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic disease in England: results from the RECORDER project.

Megan Rutter, Peter C Lanyon, Matthew J Grainge, Richard Hubbard, Emily Peach, Mary Bythell, Peter Stilwell, Jeanette Aston, Sarah Stevens, Fiona A Pearce

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. COVID-19 Epidemic Forecast in Brazil.Bioinformatics and biology insights · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Megan RutterDepartment of Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham.ORCID 0000-0002-1522-9620
Peter C LanyonDepartment of Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham.
Matthew J GraingeDepartment of Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham.ORCID 0000-0001-7181-4042
Richard HubbardDepartment of Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham.
Emily PeachDepartment of Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham.
Mary BythellNational Congenital Anomaly and Rare Disease Registration Service, National Disease Registration Service, Public Health England, London.
Peter StilwellNational Congenital Anomaly and Rare Disease Registration Service, National Disease Registration Service, Public Health England, London.
Jeanette AstonNational Congenital Anomaly and Rare Disease Registration Service, National Disease Registration Service, Public Health England, London.
Sarah StevensNational Congenital Anomaly and Rare Disease Registration Service, National Disease Registration Service, Public Health England, London.
Fiona A PearceDepartment of Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham.ORCID 0000-0003-2884-1998

Funding

Department of Health
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo calculate the rates of COVID-19 infection and COVID-19-related death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRD) during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England compared with the general population.

methodsWe used Hospital Episode Statistics to identify all people alive on 1 March 2020 with ICD-10 codes for RAIRD from the whole population of England. We used linked national health records (demographic, death certificate, admissions and PCR testing data) to calculate rates of COVID-19 infection and death up to 31 July 2020. Our primary definition of COVID-19-related death was mention of COVID-19 on the death certificate. General population data from Public Health England and the Office for National Statistics were used for comparison. We also describe COVID-19-related hospital admissions and all-cause deaths.

resultsWe identified a cohort of 168 680 people with RAIRD, of whom 1874 (1.11%) had a positive COVID-19 PCR test. The age-standardized infection rate was 1.54 (95% CI: 1.50, 1.59) times higher than in the general population. A total of 713 (0.42%) people with RAIRD died with COVID-19 on their death certificate and the age-sex-standardized mortality rate for COVID-19-related death was 2.41 (2.30-2.53) times higher than in the general population. There was no evidence of an increase in deaths from other causes in the RAIRD population.

conclusionsDuring the first wave of COVID-19 in England, people with RAIRD had a 54% increased risk of COVID-19 infection and more than twice the risk of COVID-19-related death compared with the general population. These increases were seen despite shielding policies.

Indexed as

COVID-19Rheumatic DiseasesAutoimmune DiseasesCause of DeathEnglandHospitalizationHumansPandemicscoronavirusCOVID-19epidemiologyinfectionmortalityrare autoimmune rheumatic diseasesshielding

Identifiers

PMID34698821
PMCPMC8586729

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.