Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34697319›Full record

Observational studyScientific reports2021

Case-control study of the association of chronic acid suppression and social determinants of health with COVID-19 infection.

Bing Zhang, Anna L Silverman, Saroja Bangaru, Douglas Arneson, Sonya Dasharathy, Nghia Nguyen, Diane Rodden, Jonathan Shih, Atul J Butte, Wael Noor El-Nachef and 2 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Bing Zhang *Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Anna L Silverman *Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Saroja Bangaru *Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Douglas ArnesonBakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Sonya DasharathyVatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Nghia NguyenDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Diane RoddenDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Jonathan ShihDepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Atul J ButteBakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Wael Noor El-NachefVatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. welnachef@mednet.ucla.edu.
Brigid S BolandDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. bboland@health.ucsd.edu.
Vivek Ashok RudrapatnaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. vivek.rudrapatna@ucsf.edu.

Funding

UCLA Clinical Translational Science InstituteUL1TR001881 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI ARLEEN F. BROWN, ARASH NAEIM · 2016 to 2026
$118.1M
Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR001872 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI COLLARD, HAROLD R, JACOBY, VANESSA · 2016 to 2025
$112.1M
UC San Diego Clinical and Translational Research InstituteUL1TR001442 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI FIRESTEIN, GARY S, HOGARTH, MICHAEL · 2015 to 2024
$88.3M
NRSA Training CoreTL1TR001871 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KANAYA, ALKA M., SOMSOUK, MA · 2016 to 2025
$10.1M
Training Grant in GastroenterologyT32DK007202 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI GHOSH, PRADIPTA · 1985 to 2022
$7.7M
TRAINING PROGRAM IN DISGESTIVE DISEASES AND NUTRITIONT32DK007007 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI AVERIL I MA · 1986 to 2026
$6.4M
USING SINGLE-CELL RNA AND PROTEIN APPROACHES TO ELUCIDATE MOLECULAR DETERMINANTSAND PREDICTORS OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASESK23DK123406 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BOLAND, BRIGID S · 2020 to 2022
$720k
NCATS NIH HHS TL1 TR001871NCATS NIH HHS TL1TR001871NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001442NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001872NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001881NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK123406NIDDK NIH HHS K23DK123406NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007007NIDDK NIH HHS T32DK007007-45NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007202NIDDK NIH HHS T32DK007202NIH HHS T32 DK007007-45
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acid suppressants are widely-used classes of medications linked to increased risks of aerodigestive infections. Prior studies of these medications as potentially reversible risk factors for COVID-19 have been conflicting. We aimed to determine the impact of chronic acid suppression use on COVID-19 infection risk while simultaneously evaluating the influence of social determinants of health to validate known and discover novel risk factors. We assessed the association of chronic acid suppression with incident COVID-19 in a 1:1 case-control study of 900 patients tested across three academic medical centers in California, USA. Medical comorbidities and history of chronic acid suppression use were manually extracted from health records by physicians following a pre-specified protocol. Socio-behavioral factors by geomapping publicly-available data to patient zip codes were incorporated. We identified no evidence to support an association between chronic acid suppression and COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio 1.04, 95% CI 0.92-1.17, P = 0.515). However, several medical and social features were positive (Latinx ethnicity, BMI ≥ 30, dementia, public transportation use, month of the pandemic) and negative (female sex, concurrent solid tumor, alcohol use disorder) predictors of new infection. These findings demonstrate the value of integrating publicly-available databases with medical data to identify critical features of communicable diseases.

Indexed as

Social Determinants of HealthAgedBehaviorCaliforniaCase-Control StudiesComputational BiologyCOVID-19Databases, FactualFemaleGastroenterologyGastroesophageal RefluxGeographyHistamine H2 AntagonistsHumansIncidenceMaleHistamine H2 AntagonistsProton Pump Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID34697319
PMCPMC8545937

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.