ArticleViruses2021
Imbalanced Immune Response of T-Cell and B-Cell Subsets in Patients with Moderate and Severe COVID-19.
Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Immunological Mechanisms and Machine Learning Applications in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Imbalanced immune cell network and suboptimal cell activation: signatures associated with disease severity in vaccine-naïve COVID-19 patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- COVID-19-associated Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and the Role of IVIG Therapy.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Disease-Associated Shifts in Minor T Cell Subpopulations Define Distinct Immunopathology in HBV vs. HCV Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Impact of Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices on White Blood Cell Phenotype and Function.Cardiovascular engineering and technology · 2025Review
- B Cell Dynamics and Transitional B Cells in Long COVID.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Immune responses in pulmonary sarcoidosis following COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Activated circulating T follicular helper 17 cells positively correlated with anti-HBV humoral immunity in chronic hepatitis B patients.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Differences in Plasma Extracellular Vesicles of Different Origin in On-Pump Versus Off-Pump Cardiac Surgery.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- T Regulatory Cell Subsets Do Not Restore for One Year After Acute COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Differential Diagnosis of Tuberculosis and Sarcoidosis by Immunological Features Using Machine Learning.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Bronchial Asthma and COVID-19: Etiology, Pathological Triggers, and Therapeutic Considerations.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2024Review
- Immunological Profile and Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Elderly Patients with Cognitive Impairments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Deep Immunophenotyping of Circulating T and B Cells in Relapsing Adult-Onset Still's Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Responses of Helper T Cell Subsets at Diagnosis and After Discharge in Patients with Non-Severe COVID-19: A Prospective Observational Study.Journal of clinical practice and research · 2024Article
- Human immune phenotyping reveals accelerated aging in type 1 diabetes.JCI insight · 2023Article
- A single dose of COVID-19 vaccine induces a strong T cell and B cell response in healthcare professionals recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Article
- Regulated Arginine Metabolism in Immunopathogenesis of a Wide Range of Diseases: Is There a Way to Pass between Scylla and Charybdis?Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Review
- Innate and Adaptive Immunity during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Biomolecular Cellular Markers and Mechanisms.Vaccines · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe immunological changes associated with COVID-19 are largely unknown.
methodsPatients with COVID-19 showing moderate (
resultsCD4+Th cells were skewed toward Th2-like phenotypes within CD45RA+CD62L- (CM) and CD45RA-CD62L- (EM) cells in patients with severe COVID-19, while CM CCR6+ Th17-like cells were decreased if compared with HD. Within CM Th17-like cells "classical" Th17-like cells were increased and Th17.1-like cells were decreased in severe COVID-19 cases. Circulating CM follicular Th-like (Tfh) cells were decreased in all COVID-19 patients, and Tfh17-like cells represented the most predominant subset in severe COVID-19 cases. Both groups of patients showed increased levels of IgD-CD38++ B cells, while the levels of IgD+CD38- and IgD-CD38- were decreased. The frequency of IgD+CD27+ and IgD-CD27+ B cells was significantly reduced in severe COVID-19 cases.
conclusionsWe showed an imbalance within almost all circulating memory Th subsets during acute COVID-19 and showed that altered Tfh polarization led to a dysregulated humoral immune response.
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