Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34696296›Full record

ArticleVaccines2021

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Physicians Regarding Vaccinations in Yerevan, Armenia: A Case Study of HPV.

Arman R Badalyan, Marine Hovhannisyan, Gayane Ghavalyan, Mary M Ter-Stepanyan, Rory Cave, Jennifer Cole, Andrew W K Farlow, Hermine V Mkrtchyan

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Arman R BadalyanDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan 0025, Armenia.
Marine HovhannisyanDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan 0025, Armenia.
Gayane GhavalyanDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan 0025, Armenia.
Mary M Ter-StepanyanDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan 0025, Armenia.
Rory CaveSchool of Biomedical Sciences, University of West London, London W5 5RF, UK.
Jennifer ColeDepartment of Health Studies, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8787-8892
Andrew W K FarlowOxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Broad St, Oxford OX1 3BD, UK.
Hermine V MkrtchyanSchool of Biomedical Sciences, University of West London, London W5 5RF, UK.
Yerevan State Medical University · AMUniversity of West London · GBMuseum für Naturkunde · DERoyal Holloway University of London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper highlights the low levels of vaccine coverage and high levels of reported vaccination hesitancy in Yerevan, Armenia, that present profound challenges to the control of disease through routine vaccination programmes. We draw on investigations of hesitancy towards the introduction of new vaccines, using the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine Gardasil as a case study, to interrogate underlying challenges to vaccine acceptance. We analyse primary data from the introduction of Gardasil, first used in Armenia in 2017, to investigate how levels of medical knowledge amongst physicians in 20 health facilities in Yerevan, Armenia, regarding vaccine science influence attitudes towards the introduction of a newly developed vaccine. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was completed by 348 physicians between December 2017 and September 2018. The responding physicians displayed a respectable level of knowledge and awareness regarding vaccination with respect to some characteristics (e.g., more than 81% knew that HPV infection was commonly asymptomatic, 73% knew that HPV infection was implicated in most cervical cancers, and 87% knew that cervical cancer is the most prevalent cancer amongst women) but low knowledge and poor understanding of other key issues such as the age at which women were most likely to develop cervical cancer (only 15% answered correctly), whether or not the vaccine should be administered to people who had already been infected (27% answered correctly) and whether sexually active young people should be treated for infection before vaccination (26% answered correctly). The study suggests that the drivers of vaccine hesitancy are complex and may not be consistent from vaccine to vaccine. The Armenian healthcare sector may need to provide additional training, awareness-raising and educational activities alongside the introduction of new vaccines to improve understanding of and trust in vaccination programmes.

Indexed as

cervical cancerGardasilHPVimmunizationvaccine confidencevaccine hesitancy

Identifiers

PMID34696296
PMCPMC8540740
OpenAlexW3207728875

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.