Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34695913›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Air-Writing Character Recognition with Ultrasonic Transceivers.

Borja Saez-Mingorance, Javier Mendez-Gomez, Gianfranco Mauro, Encarnacion Castillo-Morales, Manuel Pegalajar-Cuellar, Diego P Morales-Santos

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Borja Saez-MingoranceInfineon Technologies AG, Am Campeon 1-15, 85579 Neubiberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-5014-6428
Javier Mendez-GomezInfineon Technologies AG, Am Campeon 1-15, 85579 Neubiberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5981-4135
Gianfranco MauroInfineon Technologies AG, Am Campeon 1-15, 85579 Neubiberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3204-1555
Encarnacion Castillo-MoralesDepartment of Electronic and Computer Technology, University of Granada, Avenida de Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-6476-8105
Manuel Pegalajar-CuellarDepartment of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Calle Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-9736-1608
Diego P Morales-SantosDepartment of Electronic and Computer Technology, University of Granada, Avenida de Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-3294-8934

Funding

Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy 19A20012DRegional Government of Andalusia P20-00265
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The interfaces between users and systems are evolving into a more natural communication, including user gestures as part of the interaction, where air-writing is an emerging application for this purpose. The aim of this work is to propose a new air-writing system based on only one array of ultrasonic transceivers. This track will be obtained based on the pairwise distance of the hand marker with each transceiver. After acquiring the track, different deep learning algorithms, such as long short-term memory (LSTM), convolutional neural networks (CNN), convolutional autoencoder (ConvAutoencoder), and convolutional LSTM have been evaluated for character recognition. It has been shown how these algorithms provide high accuracy, where the best result is extracted from the ConvLSTM, with 99.51% accuracy and 71.01 milliseconds of latency. Real data were used in this work to evaluate the proposed system in a real scenario to demonstrate its high performance regarding data acquisition and classification.

Indexed as

Neural Networks, ComputerUltrasonicsAlgorithmsGesturesWritingair-writingdeep learninggesture recognitionultrasound

Identifiers

PMID34695913
PMCPMC8537432

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.