ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021
Young people's e-cigarette risk perceptions, policy attitudes, and past-month nicotine vaping in 30 U.S. cities.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sweet Flavors and the Addictive Potential of E-Cigarettes: A Systematic Narrative Review.European addiction research · 2026Pooled it
- Short-term outcomes of Quebec's ban on flavoured vaping products on adolescent electronic cigarette use: a 2022-2024 COMPASS longitudinal analysis.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2026Article
- Perception of e-cigarette as a harmful product delays initiation by two years among Mexican students aged 14-29 years.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Observational
- Vaping leads tobacco consumption among university students in Arab countries: a study of behavioral and psychosocial factors associated with smoking.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Susceptibility to e-cigarette use and associated factors in high school youth, Oklahoma Youth Tobacco Survey, 2021-2022.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Influencing adolescents' attitudes towards nicotine products: A systematic review.Nordisk alkohol- & narkotikatidskrift : NAT · 2022Article
- The Food and Drug Administration's e-Cigarette Flavor Restrictions Have Not Gone Far Enough to Curb the Youth e-Cigarette Use Epidemic.American journal of public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study examined young people's e-cigarette risk perceptions, policy attitudes, and past-month nicotine vaping in 30 US cities in relation to city e-cigarette retail policy.
methodsParticipants ages 13-20 were recruited online September-November 2020 (N = 900, approximately 30 per city). Cities (median population = 688,531) were in 23 states. Ever e-cigarette users were oversampled. A multilevel generalized estimating equations (GEE) model compared past-month nicotine vaping as a function of local e-cigarette retail policy. Among ever-users, multilevel bivariate GEE models examined associations of participant characteristics with past-month vaping (yes/no) and, among past-month nicotine vapers, purchase of vaping products at a retail location (yes/no).
resultsThe sample (age M = 17.7 [SD = 1.8]) was 60.2% female and 29.3% Black. Minimal city-level variation was observed in e-cigarette risk perceptions or policy attitudes (ICCs < 0.001). Nearly half the sample (44.6%) reported ever e-cigarette use; 11.8% reported past-month nicotine vaping. Past-month nicotine vaping was associated with older age, being non-Hispanic white, living with someone who vapes, having friends who vape, greater exposure to retail e-cigarette ads, lower e-cigarette risk perceptions, and lower perceived efficacy of flavored tobacco policy. Among ever-users, past-month nicotine vaping was not significantly associated with city e-cigarette flavor policy (p = .784). Most participants reporting past-month nicotine vaping purchased products in-store (58.5%).
conclusionsAmong young people surveyed in US cities, e-cigarette risk perceptions and policy attitudes showed minimal between-city variation. Past-month vaping among ever-users did not differ significantly by local flavor policies. A majority of past-month users, regardless of city policies, reported underage access to flavored products in retail locations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.