Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34693621›Full record

ArticleMolecular systems biology2021

Negative interactions determine Clostridioides difficile growth in synthetic human gut communities.

Susan Hromada, Yili Qian, Tyler B Jacobson, Ryan L Clark, Lauren Watson, Nasia Safdar, Daniel Amador-Noguez, Ophelia S Venturelli

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular systems biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Physics-constrained neural ordinary differential equation models to discover and predict microbial community dynamics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Unravelling three-way interactions betweenJournal of medical microbiology · 2025
    Review
  11. Toward the Next Generation of In Silico Modeling of Dynamic Host-Microbiota Interactions in the Skin.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025
    Review
  12. Article
  13. iScience · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Susan HromadaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Yili QianDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1097-0401
Tyler B JacobsonDepartment of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4917-383X
Ryan L ClarkDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Lauren WatsonDivision of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Nasia SafdarDivision of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Daniel Amador-NoguezDepartment of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Ophelia S VenturelliDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2200-1963

Funding

BIOTECHNOLOGY TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM008349 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI FOX, BRIAN G · 1989 to 2019
$22.5M
Institutional Training in the Genomic SciencesT32HG002760 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Qiongshi Lu · 2003 to 2026
$17.7M
Elucidating the molecular and ecological design principles of stability and assembly of the human gut microbiotaR35GM124774 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Ophelia Venturelli · 2017 to 2026
$2.9M
Model-guided design of next-generation bacterial therapeutics to treat cardiovascular diseaseR01EB030340 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI REY, FEDERICO E, ROMERO, PHILIP ANTHONY · 2020 to 2023
$2.8M
NHGRI NIH HHS T32 HG002760NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB030340NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM124774NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008349
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the principles of colonization resistance of the gut microbiome to the pathogen Clostridioides difficile will enable the design of defined bacterial therapeutics. We investigate the ecological principles of community resistance to C. difficile using a synthetic human gut microbiome. Using a dynamic computational model, we demonstrate that C. difficile receives the largest number and magnitude of incoming negative interactions. Our results show that C. difficile is in a unique class of species that display a strong negative dependence between growth and species richness. We identify molecular mechanisms of inhibition including acidification of the environment and competition over resources. We demonstrate that Clostridium hiranonis strongly inhibits C. difficile partially via resource competition. Increasing the initial density of C. difficile can increase its abundance in the assembled community, but community context determines the maximum achievable C. difficile abundance. Our work suggests that the C. difficile inhibitory potential of defined bacterial therapeutics can be optimized by designing communities featuring a combination of mechanisms including species richness, environment acidification, and resource competition.

Indexed as

Clostridioides difficileClostridium InfectionsGastrointestinal MicrobiomeBacteriaClostridioidesHumansClostridioides difficilecomputational modelingecological interactionspathogen invasionsystems biology

Identifiers

PMID34693621
PMCPMC8543057

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.