Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34692982›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2021

Relationship between objectively measured physical activity on neuropathology and cognitive outcomes in older adults: Resistance versus resilience?

Molly Memel, Aron S Buchman, David A Bennett, Kaitlin Casaletto

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Selected social and lifestyle correlates of brain health markers: the Cross-Cohort Collaboration Consortium.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Physical activity, aerobic fitness, and AD blood biomarkers: The IGNITE study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Observational
  9. Identifying dementia neuropathology using low-burden clinical data.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a narrative review.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Molly MemelSan Francisco VA Medical Center San Francisco California USA.
Aron S BuchmanRush University Medical Center-Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Chicago Illinois USA.
David A BennettRush University Medical Center-Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Chicago Illinois USA.
Kaitlin CasalettoUCSF Memory and Aging Center San Francisco California USA.

Funding

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF NEURAL RESERVE AND NEUROBIOLOGY IN AGINGR01AG017917 · NIA · RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI BENNETT, DAVID ALAN · 2001 to 2023
$43.3M
Research Education ComponentP30AG062422 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Gil Dan Rabinovici · 2019 to 2026
$36.9M
Unraveling the intersection of synaptic biology, lifestyle, and cognitive resilienceR01AG072475 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CASALETTO, KAITLIN B · 2021 to 2025
$4.3M
Can Behavior Shape Neural Health? Identifying Modifiable Factors to Prevent Cognitive Decline in AgeK23AG058752 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CASALETTO, KAITLIN B · 2018 to 2022
$994k
NIA NIH HHS K23 AG058752NIA NIH HHS P30 AG062422NIA NIH HHS R01 AG017917NIA NIH HHS R01 AG072475
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPhysical activity (PA) is associated with better cognitive and brain health. However, it remains unclear whether PA relates to accumulation of disease pathology ("resistance") or indirectly moderates adverse effects of pathology on cognition ("cognitive resilience").

methodsFive hundred thirteen Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP) decedents completed longitudinal actigraphy monitoring, cognitive testing, and neuropathological examination. Cross-sectional models tested the relationship between average PA and pathology, and the moderating effect of baseline PA on the association between pathology and cognition. Longitudinal models examined whether changes in PA moderated associations between pathology and cognition.

resultsPA was negatively associated with Lewy body disease (LBD), but positively associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) burdens. Baseline PA attenuated the association between cerebrovascular pathology and cognition, whereas longitudinal change in PA attenuated associations between AD, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, TAR DNA-binding protein 43, and atherosclerosis on cognitive decline. DISCUSSION: Whereas PA relates to "cognitive resilience" against cerebrovascular disease, AD, and other neuropathologies, "resistance" effects were limited.

Indexed as

Alzheimer's diseasecognitionphysical activityresilienceresistance

Identifiers

PMID34692982
PMCPMC8515358

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.