ReviewFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2021
The Role of Androgen Receptor in Cross Talk Between Stromal Cells and Prostate Cancer Epithelial Cells.
Review in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- CTLA-4: a promising immunosuppressive immune checkpoint in prostate cancer therapy.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Late gestational exposure to flutamide alters stromal composition and immune landscape in the rat mammary gland during pre-puberty, peri-puberty, and adulthood.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- Elucidating the Potential Targets and Mechanisms of Bisphenol A-Induced Prostate Cancer Based on Network Toxicology and Molecular Docking Analyses.Oncology research · 2026Article
- Integrative analysis reveals PRKCB and SRD5A2 as potential immune-associated biomarkers in prostate cancer targeted by traditional Chinese medicine.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as a Therapeutic Target: Insights into Molecular Pathways and Clinical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Efficacy of Chlorogenic Acid in Treating Tripterygium Glycoside-Induced Asthenozoospermia in Rats and Its Possible Mechanisms.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Androgen receptor dynamics in prostate cancer: from disease progression to treatment resistance.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Prostate cancer microenvironment: multidimensional regulation of immune cells, vascular system, stromal cells, and microbiota.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Multiplex imaging of localized prostate tumors reveals altered spatial organization of AR-positive cells in the microenvironment.iScience · 2024Article
- Evaluating the Therapeutic Effect of Hispidin on Prostate Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- AR loss in prostate cancer stroma mediated by NF-κB and p38-MAPK signaling disrupts stromal morphogen production.Oncogene · 2024Article
- The mFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- A novel co-culture model of human prostate epithelial and stromal cells for androgenic and antiandrogenic screening.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA · 2023Article
- The Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells: From the Past to the Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Gender-Specific Impact of Sex Hormones on the Immune System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) lists as the second most lethal cancer for men in western countries, and androgen receptor (AR) plays a central role in its initiation and progression, which prompts the development of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as the standard treatment. Prostate tumor microenvironment, consisting of stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM), has dynamic interactions with PCa epithelial cells and affects their growth and invasiveness. Studies have shown that both genomic and non-genomic AR signaling pathways are involved in the biological regulation of PCa epithelial cells. In addition, AR signaling in prostate stroma is also involved in PCa carcinogenesis and progression. Loss of AR in PCa stroma is clinically observed as PCa progresses to advanced stage. Especially, downregulation of AR in stromal fibroblasts dysregulates the expression levels of ECM proteins, thus creating a suitable environment for PCa cells to metastasize. Importantly, ADT treatment enhances this reciprocal interaction and predisposes stromal cells to promote cell invasion of PCa cells. During this process, AR in PCa epithelium actively responds to various stimuli derived from the surrounding stromal cells and undergoes enhanced degradation while elevating the expression of certain genes such as MMP9 responsible for cell invasion. AR reduction in epithelial cells also accelerates these cells to differentiate into cancer stem-like cells and neuroendocrine cells, which are AR-negative PCa cells and inherently resistant to ADT treatments. Overall, understanding of the cross talk between tumor microenvironment and PCa at the molecular level may assist the development of novel therapeutic strategies against this disease. This review will provide a snapshot of AR's action when the interaction of stromal cells and PCa cells occurs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.