ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2021
Association Between the COVID-19 Pandemic and Infant Neurodevelopment: A Comparison Before and During COVID-19.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of intrauterine exposure to SARS-CoV-2 on infants' development: a rapid review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Pooled it
- COVID-19 Pandemic and Infant Neurodevelopmental Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Early Child Development: A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPPooled it
- Neurological and neurodevelopmental effects of Covid and MIS-C on children.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Perinatal hardship and infant neurodevelopment: insights from a global pandemic.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Long-term association between the COVID-19 pandemic and language development in children aged 18 months: effect modification by sex, childcare location and family size.Archives of disease in childhood · 2026Article
- Neurodevelopmental treatment needs after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in young children: A cohort study.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Child Development and Caregiving: A 7-Year Repeated Cross-Sectional Study of 3-Year-Old Children in Kobe City, Japan.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Harnessing machine learning with auditory tests and demographic factors to forecast children's reading abilities in children living with and without HIV.BioData mining · 2026Article
- Maternal internalizing symptoms as a mechanism linking pre- and postnatal COVID-19 pandemic exposure with preschool-aged children's neurodevelopment.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Longitudinal effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on infant and toddler development: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Pandemic Babies: Developmental Outcomes in Preschool-Aged Children Born During the COVID-19 Era.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on infant neurodevelopmental outcomes.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Impact of maternal stress and COVID-19 exposure during pregnancy on offspring neurodevelopment: signature cohort 12 month follow-up.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Nationwide insights on early childhood neurodevelopment during a global health crisis: evidence from COVID-19 in South Korea.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Sex-specific vulnerabilities in early human neurodevelopment following SARS-CoV-2-induced maternal immune activation.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Time trends and area-level socioeconomic inequalities in early childhood development at 2-2.5 years old in England between 2019 and 2025: a local area ecological study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on child development: comparing pre- and post-pandemic developmental process levels.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Neurodevelopment and Risk Factors in Infants Before, During, and After the COVID-19 Pandemic in Eastern China: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdowns on Gross Motor and Fine Motor Neurodevelopment in Toddlers.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.