ArticleAnesthesiology and pain medicine2021
An Umbrella Review of Clinical Efficacy and Adverse Cardiac Events Associated with Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine with or Without Azithromycin in Patients with COVID-19.
Article in Anesthesiology and pain medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prone positioning effect on tracheal intubation rate, mortality and oxygenation parameters in awake non-intubated severe COVID-19-induced respiratory failure: a review of reviews.European journal of medical research · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy of tocilizumab in the treatment of COVID-19: An umbrella review.Reviews in medical virology · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
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- Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) of Implementing Teleconsultation: A Systematic Review.Health science reports · 2025Review
- An Explorative Study on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Intention among Parents in India.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- A Rare Case of Fatal Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) and Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) Syndrome in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis.Current drug safety · 2025Article
- Trust in Medicine: A Scoping Review of the Instruments Designed to Measure Trust in Medical Care Studies.Journal of caring sciences · 2024Article
- Trust in primary health care and COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Iranian pediatric: a web-based cross-sectional survey.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- High-Dose Vitamin C in the Treatment of Covid-19 Patients in Intensive Care Unit; A Letter to the Editor.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Impact of Tocilizumab in the Setting of Severe COVID-19; an Updated and Comprehensive Review on Current Evidence.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Stroke and COVID-19: An Umbrella Review.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2024Review
- Pervasive transcriptome interactions of protein-targeted drugs.Nature chemistry · 2023Article
- Predictors of receiving COVID-19 vaccine among adult population in Iran: an observational study.BMC public health · 2023Observational
- Potential Impact of 3% Hypertonic Saline Infusion on Tramadol Poisoning-Induced Electrocardiogram Changes; a Randomized Clinical Trial.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2022Article
- Clinical Applications of Aspirin as a Multi-potent Drug Beyond Cardiovascular Implications: A Proof of Concept for Anesthesiologists- A Narrative Review.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2021Review
- Effect of Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin Combination Use in COVID-19 Patients - An Umbrella Review.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social MedicineReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextThe safety and efficacy of several repurposed drugs, including hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, with or without azithromycin, were presumed to be miraculous in treating patients with COVID-19. However, as it later transpired, these therapeutic agents seem to be associated with critical adverse cardiac events.
objectivesGiven the skepticism around the advantages and disadvantages of the aforementioned treatment strategies, the present study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy and cardiac toxicity of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without azithromycin in the setting of COVID-19 infection.
methodThis was an umbrella review conducted on patients with COVID-19 who received hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without azithromycin from January 2020 to November 2020. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Embase databases.
resultsThree studies (systematic review and meta-analysis) were analyzed to evaluate the arrhythmogenic potential of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without azithromycin in patients with COVID-19 and identify the clinical efficacy of such a combination.
conclusionsWe found no benefit for patients with COVID-19 who received hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin. Moreover, it is noteworthy that these medications, particularly when considering co-administration, could result in both statistically and clinically elevated risks of notorious arrhythmias, such as TdP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.