ArticleBMJ open sport & exercise medicine2021
Exploring the intensity, barriers and correlates of physical activity In Iranian pregnant women: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open sport & exercise medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- A socio-ecological model of factors influencing physical activity in pregnant women: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Barriers to Physical Activity during Pregnancy Scale (BPAPS) in pregnant women.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Barriers to physical activity among pregnant women in China: a mixed methods study based on the COM-B model and the theoretical domains framework.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Three distinct profiles of barriers to physical activity during pregnancy among Chinese women: a latent profile analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Physical activity during pregnancy: A descriptive exploration of practices, barriers, and beliefs among pregnant women.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
- The relationship between health literacy and exercise self-efficacy in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant Jordanian women towards physical activity in pregnancy: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2025Observational
- Predictors of physical activity among pregnant women in Harare, Zimbabwe.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Barriers and Facilitators of Physical Activity in Pregnancy and Postpartum Among Iranian Women: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Barriers, attitudes and perceptions to physical activity among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria and the associated factors: a mixed method study.Reproductive health · 2024Article
- Barriers to physical activity in pregnant women living in Iran and its predictors: a cross sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Predicting Physical Activity in Chinese Pregnant Women Using Multi-Theory Model: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Level of Physical Activity in Pregnant Populations from Different Geographic Regions: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Pregnancy Activity Levels and Impediments in the Era of COVID-19 Based on the Health Belief Model: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo determine the intensity, barriers and correlates of physical activity (PA) in Iranian pregnant women.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out with 300 eligible pregnant women referred to the Ilam health centres and bases using stratified random sampling with proportional allocation. Data collection tools included a demographic and obstetrical history questionnaire, the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale. The association between demographic and obstetrical characteristics and PA intensity and barriers were studied using multiple linear regression models.
resultsThe mean and SD of the total score of PA intensity were 47.15 and 26.25 metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-hour/week, respectively. The highest and the lowest barriers were related to the time expenditure (42.77±18.04) and family discouragement (50.72±24.99) constructs, respectively. The PA intensity was significantly associated with prepregnancy or early pregnancy body mass index (B=25.6), ethnicity (B=16.94), level of education (B=-8.77), number of children (B=5.95), gestational age (B=0.81), participation in childbirth preparation classes (B=-11.27), habitual exercise before pregnancy (B=6.09), income (B=-9.22). The PA barriers were significantly associated with ethnicity (B=-4.96), income (B=2.23) and habitual exercise before pregnancy (B =-1.35).
conclusionPA intensity may be enhanced by encouraging individuals to be more physically active before pregnancy. Additionally, strategies to enhance support from friends and family to engage in PA throughout pregnancy and PA interventions focused on women with lower levels of income and education are required.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.