Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34691690›Full record

ArticleNational science review2021

Novel 2D CaCl crystals with metallicity, room-temperature ferromagnetism, heterojunction, piezoelectricity-like property and monovalent calcium ions.

Lei Zhang, Guosheng Shi, Bingquan Peng, Pengfei Gao, Liang Chen, Ni Zhong, Liuhua Mu, Lijuan Zhang, Peng Zhang, Lu Gou and 15 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in National science review, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. Review
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  7. Two-dimensional anion-rich NaClNature communications · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.

Lei ZhangMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4880-824X
Guosheng ShiShanghai Applied Radiation Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Bingquan PengMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Pengfei GaoMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Liang ChenDepartment of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Ni ZhongKey Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Liuhua MuShanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Lijuan ZhangShanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Peng ZhangMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Lu GouMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Yimin ZhaoMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Shanshan LiangShanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Jie JiangShanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Zejun ZhangShanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Hongtao RenMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Xiaoling LeiDepartment of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
Ruobing YiMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Yinwei QiuDepartment of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Yufeng ZhangCollege of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Xing LiuShanghai Applied Radiation Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Minghong WuShanghai Applied Radiation Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Long YanShanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
Chungang DuanKey Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Shengli ZhangMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Haiping FangDepartment of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
Chinese Academy of Sciences · CNXi'an Jiaotong University · CNShanghai University · CNEast China Normal University · CNEast China University of Science and Technology · CNZhejiang A & F University · CNXiamen University of Technology · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Under ambient conditions, the only known valence state of calcium ions is +2, and the corresponding crystals with calcium ions are insulating and nonferromagnetic. Here, using cryo-electron microscopy, we report direct observation of two-dimensional (2D) CaCl crystals on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membranes, in which the calcium ions are only monovalent (i.e. +1). Remarkably, metallic rather than insulating properties are displayed by those CaCl crystals. More interestingly, room-temperature ferromagnetism, graphene-CaCl heterojunction, coexistence of piezoelectricity-like property and metallicity, as well as the distinct hydrogen storage and release capability of the CaCl crystals in rGO membranes are experimentally demonstrated. We note that such CaCl crystals are obtained by simply incubating rGO membranes in salt solutions below the saturated concentration, under ambient conditions. Theoretical studies suggest that the formation of those abnormal crystals is attributed to the strong cation-π interactions of the Ca cations with the aromatic rings in the graphene surfaces. The findings highlight the realistic potential applications of such abnormal CaCl material with unusual electronic properties in designing novel transistors and magnetic devices, hydrogen storage, catalyzers, high-performance conducting electrodes and sensors, with a size down to atomic scale.

Indexed as

2D CaCl crystalscoexistence of piezoelectricity-like property and metallicityheterojunctionmonovalent calcium ionsroom-temperature ferromagnetism

Identifiers

PMID34691690
PMCPMC8310769
OpenAlexW3106296315

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.