Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34690449›Full record

ArticleAI & society2023

The AI gambit: leveraging artificial intelligence to combat climate change-opportunities, challenges, and recommendations.

Josh Cowls, Andreas Tsamados, Mariarosaria Taddeo, Luciano Floridi

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AI & society, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
18.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 400 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. Human-AI collectives most accurately diagnose clinical vignettes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Supporting Trustworthy AI Through Machine Unlearning.Science and engineering ethics · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Josh Cowls *Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, 1 St Giles', Oxford, OX1 3JS UK.
Andreas Tsamados *Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, 1 St Giles', Oxford, OX1 3JS UK.
Mariarosaria TaddeoOxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, 1 St Giles', Oxford, OX1 3JS UK.
Luciano FloridiOxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, 1 St Giles', Oxford, OX1 3JS UK.
University of Oxford · GBBritish Library · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this article, we analyse the role that artificial intelligence (AI) could play, and is playing, to combat global climate change. We identify two crucial opportunities that AI offers in this domain: it can help improve and expand current understanding of climate change, and it can contribute to combatting the climate crisis effectively. However, the development of AI also raises two sets of problems when considering climate change: the possible exacerbation of social and ethical challenges already associated with AI, and the contribution to climate change of the greenhouse gases emitted by training data and computation-intensive AI systems. We assess the carbon footprint of AI research, and the factors that influence AI's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in this domain. We find that the carbon footprint of AI research may be significant and highlight the need for more evidence concerning the trade-off between the GHG emissions generated by AI research and the energy and resource efficiency gains that AI can offer. In light of our analysis, we argue that leveraging the opportunities offered by AI for global climate change whilst limiting its risks is a gambit which requires responsive, evidence-based, and effective governance to become a winning strategy. We conclude by identifying the European Union as being especially well-placed to play a leading role in this policy response and provide 13 recommendations that are designed to identify and harness the opportunities of AI for combatting climate change, while reducing its impact on the environment.

Indexed as

Artificial intelligenceCarbon footprintClimate changeDigital ethicsDigital governanceEnvironmentSustainability

Identifiers

PMID34690449
PMCPMC8522259
OpenAlexW3207559276

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.