Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34689757›Full record

ArticleBMC bioinformatics2021

Deep learning for cancer type classification and driver gene identification.

Zexian Zeng, Chengsheng Mao, Andy Vo, Xiaoyu Li, Janna Ore Nugent, Seema A Khan, Susan E Clare, Yuan Luo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC bioinformatics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. AI based multiomics integration for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026
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  18. An overview and a roadmap for artificial intelligence in hematology and oncology.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023
    Review
  19. Cancer driver mutations: predictions and reality.Trends in molecular medicine · 2023
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Zexian ZengDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 750 N Lake Shore Drive Room 11-189, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
Chengsheng MaoDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 750 N Lake Shore Drive Room 11-189, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
Andy VoCommittee on Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Xiaoyu LiTsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Janna Ore NugentResearch Computing Services, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Seema A KhanDepartment of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, NMH/Prentice Women's Hospital Room 4-420 250 E Superior, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. s-khan2@northwestern.edu.
Susan E ClareDepartment of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Robert H Lurie Medical Research Center Room 4-113 250 E Superior, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. susan.clare@northwestern.edu.
Yuan LuoDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 750 N Lake Shore Drive Room 11-189, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. yuan.luo@northwestern.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0195-7456

Funding

Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Science Institute (NUCATS)UL1TR001422 · NCATS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI D'AQUILA, RICHARD · 2015 to 2023
$56.8M
Modeling the Incompleteness and Biases of Health DataR01LM013337 · NLM · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI LUO, YUAN · 2020 to 2023
$1.3M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001422NIH HHS 1R01LM013337NLM NIH HHS R01 LM013337
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGenetic information is becoming more readily available and is increasingly being used to predict patient cancer types as well as their subtypes. Most classification methods thus far utilize somatic mutations as independent features for classification and are limited by study power. We aim to develop a novel method to effectively explore the landscape of genetic variants, including germline variants, and small insertions and deletions for cancer type prediction.

resultsWe proposed DeepCues, a deep learning model that utilizes convolutional neural networks to unbiasedly derive features from raw cancer DNA sequencing data for disease classification and relevant gene discovery. Using raw whole-exome sequencing as features, germline variants and somatic mutations, including insertions and deletions, were interactively amalgamated for feature generation and cancer prediction. We applied DeepCues to a dataset from TCGA to classify seven different types of major cancers and obtained an overall accuracy of 77.6%. We compared DeepCues to conventional methods and demonstrated a significant overall improvement (p < 0.001). Strikingly, using DeepCues, the top 20 breast cancer relevant genes we have identified, had a 40% overlap with the top 20 known breast cancer driver genes.

conclusionOur results support DeepCues as a novel method to improve the representational resolution of DNA sequencings and its power in deriving features from raw sequences for cancer type prediction, as well as discovering new cancer relevant genes.

Indexed as

Deep LearningNeoplasmsExome SequencingHumansOncogenesSequence Analysis, DNACancerClassificationConvolutional neural networkGermline variantsSomatic mutationWhole-exome sequencing

Identifiers

PMID34689757
PMCPMC8543824

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.