Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34689195›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2021

Performance of the Global Diet Quality Score with Nutrition and Health Outcomes in Mexico with 24-h Recall and FFQ Data.

Analí Castellanos-Gutiérrez, Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez, Sabri Bromage, Teresa T Fung, Yanping Li, Shilpa N Bhupathiraju, Megan Deitchler, Walter Willett, Carolina Batis

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. The global diet quality score (GDQS) of foods consumed by Nigerian adults.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Analí Castellanos-GutiérrezHealth and Nutrition Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Sonia Rodríguez-RamírezHealth and Nutrition Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Sabri BromageHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Teresa T FungHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Yanping LiHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0412-2748
Shilpa N BhupathirajuHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Megan DeitchlerIntake - Center for Dietary Assessment, FHI Solutions, Washington, DC, USA.
Walter WillettHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Carolina BatisCONACYT-Health and Nutrition Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Harvard University · USInstituto Nacional de Salud Pública · MXFamily Health International 360 · USNational Institute of Public Health · SI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) is intended as a simple global diet quality metric feasible in low- and middle-income countries facing the double burden of malnutrition.

objectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the GDQS with markers of nutrient adequacy and chronic disease in nonpregnant nonlactating (NPNL) Mexican women of reproductive age and to compare it with the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) and the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W).

methodsWe included NPNL women aged 15 to 49 y from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveys (2012 and 2016) with 24-h recall (n = 2542) or a FFQ (n = 4975) (separate samples). We evaluated the correlation of the GDQS with the energy-adjusted intake of several nutrients and evaluated its association with health parameters using covariate-adjusted linear regression models.

resultsThe GDQS was positively correlated with the intake of calcium, folate, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B-12, zinc, fiber, protein, and total fat (rho = 0.09 to 0.38, P < 0.05) and was inversely correlated with the intake of added sugar (rho = -0.37 and -0.38, P < 0.05) using both instruments, and with total fat, SFA, and MUFA only with 24-h recall data (rho = -0.06 to -0.16, P < 0.05). The GDQS was inversely associated with serum ferritin, BMI, waist circumference, and serum total and LDL cholesterol using FFQ data (P < 0.05), and was positively associated with serum folate using 24-h recall data (P < 0.05). Similar correlations and associations were observed with the MDD-W (only with micronutrients) and the AHEI-2010 (only with chronic disease-related nutrients and health markers).

conclusionsIn comparison to other diet metrics, the GDQS can capture both dimensions of nutrient adequacy and health markers related to the risk of chronic disease. The performance of the GDQS was satisfactory with either 24-h recall or FFQ.

Indexed as

DietDiet, HealthyHealth StatusNutritional StatusAdolescentAdultAnthropometryCholesterol, LDLDiet RecordsEatingFemaleFerritinsFolic AcidHumansMental RecallMexicoCholesterol, LDLFerritinsFolic AcidMicronutrients24-h recalldiet qualityENSANUTFFQGDQSMexican womennoncommunicable diseasenutrient adequacynutrient intake

Identifiers

PMID34689195
PMCPMC8542100
OpenAlexW3208824874

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.