SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2021
The incidence and mortality of yellow fever in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Epidemiology of yellow fever virus in humans, arthropods, and non-human primates in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Integrated transcriptomic and variant analysis reveals molecular mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance in a genetically homogenized Cas9 strain of Aedes aegypti.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Article
- Mystery Disease X Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Narrative Review of Epidemiological Patterns and Response Challenges.Health science reports · 2026Article
- The Current Landscape and Future Prospects of Vaccine Manufacturing in Africa: Challenges, Innovations, and Opportunities: A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Integrated strategies for controlling and eliminating Neglected Tropical Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review of approaches, challenges, and opportunities.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2026Review
- Yellow fever vaccination coverage among nomadic populations in the Savannah Region, Ghana: a cross-sectional study following an outbreak.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Article
- Arboviruses circulation in Guinea: Overview and perspectives for public health.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Designing a multi-epitope vaccine against yellow fever virus using immunoinformatics approaches.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- Pharmacovigilance assessment of adverse events following yellow fever vaccination: Disproportionality analysis of VAERS reports, 2015-2025.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Beyond dengue and Oropouche: The urgent need for yellow fever preparedness in Cuba.New microbes and new infections · 2025Article
- Rural Inhabitants' Perception-Induced Immunisation Status: The Case of Yellow Fever Vaccination in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.Rwanda journal of medicine and health sciences · 2025Article
- Is Ghana Prepared for Another Arboviral Outbreak? Evaluating the 2024 Dengue Fever Outbreak in the Context of Past Yellow Fever, Influenza, and COVID-19 Outbreaks.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
- Zoonotic Orthoflaviviruses Related to Birds: A Literature Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The Incidence and Trends of Yellow Fever from 1990 to 2021 in Major Endemic Regions: A Systematic Analysis Based on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Arbovirus Epidemics as Global Health Imperative, Africa, 2023.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Yellow fever mortality in Brazil: an age-period-cohort study.Revista de saude publica · 2025Article
- A bivalent self-amplifying RNA vaccine against yellow fever and Zika viruses.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Yellow fever vaccine coverage and associated factors among under-five children in Kenya: Data from Kenyan Demographic and Health Survey 2022.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Effects of climate change and human activities on vector-borne diseases.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUnderstanding the occurrence of yellow fever epidemics is critical for targeted interventions and control efforts to reduce the burden of disease. We assessed data on the yellow fever incidence and mortality rates in Africa.
methodsWe searched the Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, Africa-wide and Web of science databases from 1 January 1975 to 30th October 2020. Two authors extracted data from included studies independently and conducted a meta-analysis.
resultsOf 840 studies identified, 12 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion. The incidence of yellow fever per 100,000 population ranged from < 1 case in Nigeria, < 3 cases in Uganda, 13 cases in Democratic Republic of the Congo, 27 cases in Kenya, 40 cases in Ethiopia, 46 cases in Gambia, 1267 cases in Senegal, and 10,350 cases in Ghana. Case fatality rate associated with yellow fever outbreaks ranged from 10% in Ghana to 86% in Nigeria. The mortality rate ranged from 0.1/100,000 in Nigeria to 2200/100,000 in Ghana.
conclusionThe yellow fever incidence rate is quite constant; in contrast, the fatality rates vary widely across African countries over the study period. Standardized demographic health surveys and surveillance as well as accurate diagnostic measures are essential for early recognition, treatment and control.
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