ReviewBiochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease2022
Repositioning Ivermectin for Covid-19 treatment: Molecular mechanisms of action against SARS-CoV-2 replication.
Review in Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 and the Immune Response: A Multi-Phasic Approach to the Treatment of COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- The Combination of Nirmatrelvir and Ivermectin Exerts Strongly Synergistic Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Effects Against Murine Coronavirus Infection of Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Ivermectin Toxicity in Humans and Animals: Clinical Spectrum, Mechanisms, and Management.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Review
- Combinations of Favipiravir with Doxycycline, Azithromycin or Ivermectin Exert Synergistic Effects Against Influenza A H3N2 Virus Replication.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Therapeutic and Formulation Advances of Ivermectin in Veterinary and Human Medicine.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Membrane Perturbations and Assay Interferences by Ivermectin Explain Its In Vitro SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral Activities and Lack of Translatability.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Variations in Plasma Levels of Orally Administered Ivermectin Could Hamper Its Potential Drug Repositioning: Results of a Bioequivalence Study in Mexican Population.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- PCV2 Cap protein nuclear import via importin α/β receptor: molecular insights and antiviral potential.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Design, Synthesis and Biological Exploration of NovelInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Why Certain Repurposed Drugs Are Unlikely to Be Effective Antivirals to Treat SARS-CoV-2 Infections.Viruses · 2024Article
- Article
- Therapeutic Management with Repurposing Approaches: A Mystery During COVID-19 Outbreak.Current molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Drug repositioning in the COVID-19 pandemic: fundamentals, synthetic routes, and overview of clinical studies.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Review
- De Novo Design of Anti-COVID Drugs Using Machine Learning-Based Equivariant Diffusion Model Targeting the Spike Protein.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Implications on Immune Escape, Vaccination, Therapeutic and Diagnostic Strategies.Viruses · 2023Review
- A perspective study of the possible impact of obeticholic acid against SARS-CoV-2 infection.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Review
- Article
- Current Treatments for COVID-19: Application of Supercritical Fluids in the Manufacturing of Oral and Pulmonary Formulations.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ivermectin (IVM) is an FDA approved macrocyclic lactone compound traditionally used to treat parasitic infestations and has shown to have antiviral potential from previous in-vitro studies. Currently, IVM is commercially available as a veterinary drug but have also been applied in humans to treat onchocerciasis (river blindness - a parasitic worm infection) and strongyloidiasis (a roundworm/nematode infection). In light of the recent pandemic, the repurposing of IVM to combat SARS-CoV-2 has acquired significant attention. Recently, IVM has been proven effective in numerous in-silico and molecular biology experiments against the infection in mammalian cells and human cohort studies. One promising study had reported a marked reduction of 93% of released virion and 99.98% unreleased virion levels upon administration of IVM to Vero-hSLAM cells. IVM's mode of action centres around the inhibition of the cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling of viral proteins by disrupting the Importin heterodimer complex (IMPα/β1) and downregulating STAT3, thereby effectively reducing the cytokine storm. Furthermore, the ability of IVM to block the active sites of viral 3CLpro and S protein, disrupts important machinery such as viral replication and attachment. This review compiles all the molecular evidence to date, in review of the antiviral characteristics exhibited by IVM. Thereafter, we discuss IVM's mechanism and highlight the clinical advantages that could potentially contribute towards disabling the viral replication of SARS-CoV-2. In summary, the collective review of recent efforts suggests that IVM has a prophylactic effect and would be a strong candidate for clinical trials to treat SARS-CoV-2.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.