Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34687166›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2021

Directional, Low-Energy Driven Thermal Actuating Bilayer Enabled by Coordinated Submolecular Switching.

Michael Leveille, Xinyuan Shen, Wenxin Fu, Ke Jin, Muharrem Acerce, Changchun Wang, Jacqueline Bustamante, Anneka Miller Casas, Yuan Feng, Nien-Hui Ge and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Michael LeveillePhysics, University of California, Merced, Merced, 95343, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2657-9933
Xinyuan ShenMaterials Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, Merced, 95343, USA.
Wenxin FuMaterials Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, Merced, 95343, USA.
Ke JinMacromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
Muharrem AcerceMaterials Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, Merced, 95343, USA.
Changchun WangMacromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
Jacqueline BustamanteMaterials Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, Merced, 95343, USA.
Anneka Miller CasasChemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, 92697, USA.
Yuan FengChemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, 92697, USA.
Nien-Hui GeChemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, 92697, USA.
Linda S HirstPhysics, University of California, Merced, Merced, 95343, USA.
Sayantani GhoshPhysics, University of California, Merced, Merced, 95343, USA.
Jennifer Qing LuPhysics, University of California, Merced, Merced, 95343, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1716-0380

Funding

NASA NNH18ZHA008CMIROG6RNASA NNX15AQ01ANSF CHE-1900647NSF CHE-1905395NSF DMR-1309673
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The authors reveal a thermal actuating bilayer that undergoes reversible deformation in response to low-energy thermal stimuli, for example, a few degrees of temperature increase. It is made of an aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) sheet covalently connected to a polymer layer in which dibenzocycloocta-1,5-diene (DBCOD) actuating units are oriented parallel to CNTs. Upon exposure to low-energy thermal stimulation, coordinated submolecular-level conformational changes of DBCODs result in macroscopic thermal contraction. This unique thermal contraction offers distinct advantages. It's inherently fast, repeatable, low-energy driven, and medium independent. The covalent interface and reversible nature of the conformational change bestow this bilayer with excellent repeatability, up to at least 70 000 cycles. Unlike conventional CNT bilayer systems, this system can achieve high precision actuation readily and can be scaled down to nanoscale. A new platform made of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) in tandem with the bilayer can harvest low-grade thermal energy and convert it into electricity. The platform produces 86 times greater energy than PVDF alone upon exposure to 6 °C thermal fluctuations above room temperature. This platform provides a pathway to low-grade thermal energy harvesting. It also enables low-energy driven thermal artificial robotics, ultrasensitive thermal sensors, and remote controlled near infrared (NIR) driven actuators.

Indexed as

conformational changedibenzocycloocta-1,5-dienenegative thermal expansionthermal actuatorthermal energy harvesting

Identifiers

PMID34687166
PMCPMC8655216

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.