Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34686904›Full record

Observational studyDiabetologia2022

Urinary metabolite profiling and risk of progression of diabetic nephropathy in 2670 individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Stefan Mutter, Erkka Valo, Viljami Aittomäki, Kristian Nybo, Lassi Raivonen, Lena M Thorn, Carol Forsblom, Niina Sandholm, Peter Würtz, Per-Henrik Groop

Open access · hybridAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Diabetologia, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Urinary metabolites and fatigue in a population-based metabolomics study: an exploratory analysis.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. New Insights into the Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetic Kidney Disease in the Omics Era.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Stefan MutterFolkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-8293-6982
Erkka ValoFolkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-0672-554X
Viljami AittomäkiNightingale Health Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.
Kristian NyboNightingale Health Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.
Lassi RaivonenNightingale Health Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.
Lena M ThornFolkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-3999-0390
Carol ForsblomFolkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-3354-7454
Niina SandholmFolkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-4322-6942
Peter WürtzNightingale Health Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-5832-0221
Per-Henrik GroopFolkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland. per-henrik.groop@helsinki.fi.ORCID 0000-0003-4055-6954
University of Helsinki · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisThis prospective, observational study examines associations between 51 urinary metabolites and risk of progression of diabetic nephropathy in individuals with type 1 diabetes by employing an automated NMR metabolomics technique suitable for large-scale urine sample collections.

methodsWe collected 24-h urine samples for 2670 individuals with type 1 diabetes from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy study and measured metabolite concentrations by NMR. Individuals were followed up for 9.0 ± 5.0 years until their first sign of progression of diabetic nephropathy, end-stage kidney disease or study end. Cox regressions were performed on the entire study population (overall progression), on 1999 individuals with normoalbuminuria and 347 individuals with macroalbuminuria at baseline.

resultsSeven urinary metabolites were associated with overall progression after adjustment for baseline albuminuria and chronic kidney disease stage (p < 8 × 10 CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationBranched-chain amino acids and other urinary metabolites were associated with the progression of diabetic nephropathy on top of baseline albuminuria and chronic kidney disease. We found differences in associations for overall progression and progression from normo- and macroalbuminuria. These novel discoveries illustrate the utility of analysing urinary metabolites in entire population cohorts.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetic NephropathiesAlbuminuriaCreatinineDisease ProgressionHumansProspective StudiesCreatinineDiabetic nephropathyMetabolite profilingNMRProgressionType 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID34686904
PMCPMC8660744
OpenAlexW3206269485

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.