SynthesisBritish dental journal2021
Causes of subcutaneous emphysema following dental procedures: a systematic review of cases 1993-2020.
Synthesis in British dental journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dental Procedure-Related Emphysema: A Scoping Review of Clinical Presentation, Anatomical Distribution, Management, and Outcomes.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Article
- Subcutaneous emphysema following a minor dental procedure: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Subcutaneous Emphysema Following Periodontal Interventions: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Clinical Considerations.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Case report: Subcutaneous emphysema following postoperative nausea.SAGE open medical case reports · 2026Article
- A Case Report of Facial Swelling and Crepitus Following a Dental Procedure.Journal of education & teaching in emergency medicine · 2025Article
- A Rare Complication of Dental Care: A Case of Subcutaneous Emphysema, Pneumomediastinum, and Pneumopericardium.Cureus · 2025Article
- Subcutaneous emphysema secondary to autogenous bone grafting: a case report.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Article
- Pulmonary Air Embolism Caused by an Air Turbine During Oral Surgery Under General Anesthesia: A Case Report.International medical case reports journal · 2025Article
- Severe bilateral subcutaneous emphysema after prophylactic treatment: a case report.Journal of dental anesthesia and pain medicine · 2024Article
- Subcutaneous emphysema during surgical gingival depigmentation: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Article
- Subcutaneous Emphysema Related to Dental Treatment: A Case Series.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Subcutaneous Facial Emphysema Following Open-Flap Air-Powder Abrasive Debridement for Peri-Implantitis: A Case Report and an Overview.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives Causes of subcutaneous emphysema (SE) following dental treatment have changed with new operative techniques and equipment. This review demonstrates the frequency and aetiology of SE to inform prevention strategies for reducing SE occurrences.Methods A systematic search of Medline, Embase and PubMed databases identified 135 cases of SE which met inclusion criteria after independent review by two authors. Trends in frequency and causes of SE were displayed graphically and significant differences in frequency of SE by time period, site and hospital stay were analysed using t-tests.Results Dental extractions often preceded development of SE (54% of cases), commonly surgical extractions. Treatment of posterior mandibular teeth most often resulted in development of SE. Most cases were iatrogenic, with 51% resulting from an air-driven handpiece and 9% from air syringes. Factors such as nose blowing accounted for 10%. There was a significant (p <0.05) increase in cases over time. Mandibular teeth had increased hospital stay time compared to maxillary teeth (p <0.01).Conclusion Increased risks of SE were identified following use of air-driven handpieces during dental extractions and when treating lower molar teeth. Use of air-driven handpieces should be avoided during dental extractions to reduce risks and subsequent morbidity that results from SE.
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