ReviewCells2021
The Potential Role of Cytokines and Growth Factors in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Traditional Chinese medicine ginseng regulates neurotrophic factors to improve neurodegenerative diseases: A potential strategy for Alzheimer's disease treatment.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Review
- Association between continuous metabolic syndrome score and incident dementia: a longitudinal study of middle-aged and older Chinese adults.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective Properties of Litchi chinensis and Its Phytochemicals in Preclinical Models of Alzheimer's Disease.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Protective Effects of Pomiferin on Aluminum Chloride-induced Memory Impairment: Evidence from Behavioral, Biochemical, and Insilico Studies.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Bridging the gaps in alzheimer's disease: a comprehensive review of current and emerging therapies.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Unravelling Epigenetic Modulation via MicroRNA Delivery: A Therapeutic Frontier for Alzheimer's.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Alzheimer's Disease as a Disorder of Neuroimmune Dysregulation.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Genetic drivers of progression in Alzheimer's disease are distinct from disease risk.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Intranasal AβJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Rethinking Alzheimer's: Harnessing Cannabidiol to Modulate IDO and cGAS Pathways for Neuroinflammation Control.eNeuro · 2025Article
- Systematic analysis of cellular cross-talk reveals a role for SEMA6D-TREM2 regulating microglial function in Alzheimer's disease.Science translational medicine · 2025Article
- Effect of neuroinflammation on the progression of Alzheimer's disease and its significant ramifications for novel anti-inflammatory treatments.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- How the Dietary Saturated/Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio Modulates Brain Function in Older Adults.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The Role of Inflammatory Markers in Linking Metabolic Syndrome to Cognitive Decline in Middle-Aged Women: A Focus on TNF-α and IL-6.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Regulation of Granzymes A and B by High-Risk HPV: Impact on Immune Evasion and Carcinogenesis.Viruses · 2025Review
- Exploring the role of HIF-1α on pathogenesis in Alzheimer's disease and potential therapeutic approaches.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Targeting Cytokine-Mediated Inflammation in Brain Disorders: Developing New Treatment Strategies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Sporoderm-removed ganoderma lucidum spore powder (S-GLSP) alleviates neuroinflammation injury by regulating microglial polarization through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Polydopamine nanoparticles as immunomodulators: inhibition of M1 microglial polarization.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Chaperones as Potential Pharmacological Targets for Treating Protein Aggregation Illness.Current protein & peptide science · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 12 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prominent neurodegenerative diseases, which impairs cognitive function in afflicted individuals. AD results in gradual decay of neuronal function as a consequence of diverse degenerating events. Several neuroimmune players (such as cytokines and growth factors that are key players in maintaining CNS homeostasis) turn aberrant during crosstalk between the innate and adaptive immunities. This aberrance underlies neuroinflammation and drives neuronal cells toward apoptotic decline. Neuroinflammation involves microglial activation and has been shown to exacerbate AD. This review attempted to elucidate the role of cytokines, growth factors, and associated mechanisms implicated in the course of AD, especially with neuroinflammation. We also evaluated the propensities and specific mechanism(s) of cytokines and growth factors impacting neuron upon apoptotic decline and further shed light on the availability and accessibility of cytokines across the blood-brain barrier and choroid plexus in AD pathophysiology. The pathogenic and the protective roles of macrophage migration and inhibitory factors, neurotrophic factors, hematopoietic-related growth factors, TAU phosphorylation, advanced glycation end products, complement system, and glial cells in AD and neuropsychiatric pathology were also discussed. Taken together, the emerging roles of these factors in AD pathology emphasize the importance of building novel strategies for an effective therapeutic/neuropsychiatric management of AD in clinics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.