ReviewCells2021
Acquired Glucocorticoid Resistance Due to Homologous Glucocorticoid Receptor Downregulation: A Modern Look at an Age-Old Problem.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Premedication with steroids in breast cancer - supportive treatment or tumour growth promotion?Magyar onkologia · 2026Review
- Glucocorticoid Receptor and SUMO Fluctuations in Response to Pulsatile Glucocorticoids In Vitro and in Male Rat Brains.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- The glucocorticoid receptor is affected by its target ZBTB16 in a dissociated manner.The Journal of endocrinology · 2025Article
- Rebound effect, discontinuation, and withdrawal syndromes associated with drugs used in psychiatric and neurological disorders.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Review
- CGG repeats in the human FMR1 gene regulate mRNA localization and cellular stress in developing neurons.Cell reports · 2024Article
- The Metabolomic Profile of Microscopic Colitis Is Affected by Smoking but Not Histopathological Diagnosis, Clinical Course, Symptoms, or Treatment.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Acetylation-induced proteasomal degradation of the activated glucocorticoid receptor limits hormonal signaling.iScience · 2024Article
- MDM2- an indispensable player in tumorigenesis.Molecular biology reports · 2023Review
- Dexamethasone Is Not Sufficient to Facilitate Tenogenic Differentiation of Dermal Fibroblasts in a 3D Organoid Model.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Article
- Mechanisms behind context-dependent role of glucocorticoids in breast cancer progression.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2022Review
- Cause or consequence? Understanding the role of cortisol in the increased inflammation observed in depression.Current opinion in endocrine and metabolic research · 2022Article
- Corticosterone induces obesity partlyFrontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Stress Affects Central Compensation of Neural Responses to Cochlear Synaptopathy in a cGMP-Dependent Way.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Corticosteroid Treatment-Resistance in Myasthenia Gravis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For over 70 years, the unique anti-inflammatory properties of glucocorticoids (GCs), which mediate their effects via the ligand-activated transcription factor, the glucocorticoid receptor alpha (GRα), have allowed for the use of these steroid hormones in the treatment of various autoimmune and inflammatory-linked diseases. However, aside from the onset of severe side-effects, chronic GC therapy often leads to the ligand-mediated downregulation of the GRα which, in turn, leads to a decrease in GC sensitivity, and effectively, the development of acquired GC resistance. Although the ligand-mediated downregulation of GRα is well documented, the precise factors which influence this process are not well understood and, thus, the development of an acquired GC resistance presents an ever-increasing challenge to the pharmaceutical industry. Recently, however, studies have correlated the dimerization status of the GRα with its ligand-mediated downregulation. Therefore, the current review will be discussing the major role-players in the homologous downregulation of the GRα pool, with a specific focus on previously reported GC-mediated reductions in GRα mRNA and protein levels, the molecular mechanisms through which the GRα functional pool is maintained and the possible impact of receptor conformation on GC-mediated GRα downregulation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.