Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34684133›Full record

ReviewMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)2021

Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency: A Narrative Review.

Natalia D Mankowska, Anna B Marcinkowska, Monika Waskow, Rita I Sharma, Jacek Kot, Pawel J Winklewski

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Effects ofPeerJ · 2023
    Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Critical flicker fusion frequency: confounders and caveats.European journal of applied physiology · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. The Effects of Light on Vertebrate Welfare: A Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Luminance Contrast Perception in Killer Whales (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Natalia D MankowskaApplied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-9704-4226
Anna B MarcinkowskaApplied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8331-208X
Monika WaskowInstitute of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University in Slupsk, 76-200 Slupsk, Poland.
Rita I SharmaDepartment of Human Physiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5975-0349
Jacek KotNational Centre for Hyperbaric Medicine, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine in Gdynia, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5604-8407
Pawel J Winklewski2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-1671-2163
Gdańsk Medical University · PLUniwersytet Pomorski w Słupsku · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This review presents the current knowledge of the usage of critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) in human and animal model studies. CFF has a wide application in different fields, especially as an indicator of cortical arousal and visual processing. In medicine, CFF may be helpful for diagnostic purposes, for example in epilepsy or minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Given the environmental studies and a limited number of other methods, it is applicable in diving and hyperbaric medicine. Current research also shows the relationship between CFF and other electrophysiological methods, such as electroencephalography. The human eye can detect flicker at 50-90 Hz but reports are showing the possibility to distinguish between steady and modulated light up to 500 Hz. Future research with the use of CFF is needed to better understand its utility and application.

Indexed as

Flicker FusionHepatic EncephalopathyAnimalsHumanscritical flicker fusion frequencydiving and hyperbaric medicineminimal hepatic encephalopathyneuropsychologythreshold of flicker fusion

Identifiers

PMID34684133
PMCPMC8537539
OpenAlexW3205627040

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.