ReviewPharmaceutics2021
Chitosan Nanoparticles at the Biological Interface: Implications for Drug Delivery.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 141 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nanopolysaccharides in agriculture. Advances, applications, and future prospects: a review.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Engineering Oral Nanoparticles: Navigating Biological Barriers in the Gastrointestinal Tract.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Review
- EGFR-Targeted Nanoparticle Delivery of Osimertinib for Triple-Negative and Metastatic Breast Cancer Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Chitosan in Modern Pharmacotherapy: Chitosan Nanoparticles and Delivery Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Dual-functional Green Tea Polyphenol loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles for Eradication of Uropathogenic Biofilm and Induction of Apoptotic Pathways in Prostate Cancer Cells.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Breaking Biological Barriers: Engineering Nanocarriers for Efficient Drug and Gene Delivery through Nano-Bio Interfaces and Biophysical Design.Applied physics reviews · 2026Article
- Stability of Medicinal Nanoemulsions to Spaceflight: Insights From the StarMed Experiment.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Aerosolized Quercetin-Loaded Chia Seed Polysaccharide Nanoparticles: Design of Experiments and Machine-Learning-Guided Optimization for Enhanced Lung Cancer Cell Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Bioactive Chitosan Oligosaccharides Derived from Crab Shell Waste Stimulate Osteogenic Differentiation in Pre-Osteoblast Cells.Marine drugs · 2026Article
- Microfluidic Production and Characterisation of Cyclosporine A-Loaded Lipid-Chitosan Hybrid Nanoparticles as Candidate Pulmonary Drug Delivery Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Comparative attenuation of TiO₂ nanoparticle dose-dependent toxicities in lung, spleen, and blood by nanoencapsulated wheat germ oil in male rats.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Chitosan/β-cyclodextrin nanocarriers enhance 5-fluorouracil efficacy against colorectal cancer via pH-responsive release and apoptosis modulation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-functionalized nanostructured lipid carriers with temozolomide: cytotoxic effects and chromosomal instability in human glioblastoma cells.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Exploration of miR-326 delivery via biocompatible polymeric nanoparticles in medulloblastoma: A preliminary study.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Fluorescently Labeled Neoagarotetraose in Mice.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Polymer-stabilized amorphous CuO-ZnO hybrid nanocomplex as a promising candidate for antimicrobial therapy and controlled drug delivery with molecular docking insights.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Mucoadhesive Nanoemulsion Enhances the Antineoplastic Potential of Naringenin in Bladder Cancer Cell Lines.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Recent advances in the application of polymeric nanoparticles to the pulmonary delivery of mRNA.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Nanostructured lipid carriers as co-delivery systems for cancer therapy: Prospects and challenges.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial potential of different bee product-loaded carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant clinical pathogens: a comparative in vitro study.BMC biotechnology · 2026Article
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The unique properties of chitosan make it a useful choice for various nanoparticulate drug delivery applications. Although chitosan is biocompatible and enables cellular uptake, its interactions at cellular and systemic levels need to be studied in more depth. This review focuses on the various physical and chemical properties of chitosan that affect its performance in biological systems. We aim to analyze recent research studying interactions of chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) upon their cellular uptake and their journey through the various compartments of the cell. The positive charge of chitosan enables it to efficiently attach to cells, increasing the probability of cellular uptake. Chitosan NPs are taken up by cells via different pathways and escape endosomal degradation due to the proton sponge effect. Furthermore, we have reviewed the interaction of chitosan NPs upon in vivo administration. Chitosan NPs are immediately surrounded by a serum protein corona in systemic circulation upon intravenous administration, and their biodistribution is mainly to the liver and spleen indicating RES uptake. However, the evasion of RES system as well as the targeting ability and bioavailability of chitosan NPs can be improved by utilizing specific routes of administration and covalent modifications of surface properties. Ongoing clinical trials of chitosan formulations for therapeutic applications are paving the way for the introduction of chitosan into the pharmaceutical market and for their toxicological evaluation. Chitosan provides specific biophysical properties for effective and tunable cellular uptake and systemic delivery for a wide range of applications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.