ArticleMicroorganisms2021
Bloodstream Infections in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Article in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Burden of Bloodstream Infections in COVID-19: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Mortality Risk.Viruses · 2025Pooled it
- Risk factors for bloodstream infection in COVID-19 patients in intensive care units: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Incidence and Outcomes of Bloodstream Infections in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Nationwide Multicenter Study in South Korea.Yonsei medical journal · 2026Observational
- Article
- Observational
- Evaluation of T2 Magnetic Resonance (T2MRAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Multiple lung abscesses and cold agglutinin syndrome following coronavirus disease 2019: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Article
- Timing and prediction of secondary bacteremia in patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study.Journal of general and family medicine · 2024Article
- Bloodstream infections in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: Changing epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in the intensive care unit.Journal of intensive medicine · 2024Review
- An analysis of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections in patients treated in a Swedish Covid-19 intensive care unit.SAGE open medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Blood Stream Infections in COVID-19 Patients From a Tertiary Care Center in Lebanon: Causative Pathogens and Rates of Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2023Article
- Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Epidemiology of Bloodstream Infections in Hospitalized Patients-Experience from a 4th Military Clinical Hospital in Poland.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Predictors of bacteremia and death, including immune status, in a large single-center cohort of unvaccinated ICU patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Impact of a Pro-Active Infectious Disease Consultation on the Management of a Multidrug-Resistant Organisms Outbreak in a COVID-19 Hospital: A Three-Months Quasi-Experimental Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- Risk Factor for Superimposed Nosocomial Bloodstream Infections in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Impact of intensified prevention measures on the rate of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections among mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2023Article
- Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare-associated infections, antibiotic resistance and consumption rates in intensive care units.Le infezioni in medicina · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the occurrence of bloodstream infections in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and the related clinical consequences. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled occurrence of BSIs among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and mortality of this patient population.
methodsA systematic search was performed on PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from inception to 19 April 2021. The primary outcome was the occurrence of BSIs among hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The secondary outcome was mortality at the longest available follow-up.
resultsForty-six studies met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 42,694 patients evaluated. The estimated occurrence of BSIs was 7.3% (95% CI 4.7-1.1%) among hospitalized patients with COVID-19, with a mortality rate of 41% (95% CI 30%-52.8%). The subgroup analysis conducted on patients admitted to ICU provided an estimated occurrence of 29.6% (95% CI 21.7%-38.8%). A higher occurrence of BSI was observed in patients with COVID-19, in comparison with patients without COVID-19 (OR 2.77; 95% CI 1.53-5.02;
conclusionsOur analysis estimated the occurrence of BSIs among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at around 7%. A four-times higher occurrence was estimated among patients admitted to ICU.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.