Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34683054›Full record

ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Private Healthcare Expenditure in China: A Regional Comparative Analysis.

Shangguang Yang, Danyang Wang, Lu Xu, Chunlan Wang, Xi Yang, Kevin Lo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Shangguang YangEconomic Development Institute, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
Danyang WangSchool of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0897-1314
Lu XuEconomic Development Institute, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
Chunlan WangChinese Modern City Research Center, School of Social Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
Xi YangDavid C. Lam Institute for East-West Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3374-0174
Kevin LoDepartment of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7721-4726

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 71874054Shanghai Municipal Education Commission 2017-01-07- 00-02-E00008Shanghai Soft Science Foundation 19692109100
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Private (out-of-pocket) healthcare expenditure (PHCE) is a complex phenomenon that is shaped by many different factors. In this paper, we analyzed the influencing factors of PHCE in China, with a specific focus on regional differences. We found that old-age dependency ratio, income, and education have significant impacts on PHCE in all regions, whereas public HCE, number of beds in medical institutions, and economic development levels have significant impacts only in some regions. The results indicate that the government should pay attention to regional inequality and implement targeted adjustments for improving the health service system. In particular, we recommend: (1) monitoring regional inequality in PHCE and other healthcare issues to unmask geographical differences in healthcare interventions; (2) adopting regional-specific policy measures-the government should divert some resources from eastern to western and central regions to increasing the support for public health undertakings and improve the quality of the local health services while providing matching medical resources by targeting the needs of the residents; (3) paying more attention to the healthcare demand of the elderly population; and (4) improving the education level of residents to improve public health and avoid high PHCE.

Indexed as

Chinainfluencing factorsprivate healthcare expendituresregional differences

Identifiers

PMID34683054
PMCPMC8544429

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.