ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021
Updates on Wound Infiltration Use for Postoperative Pain Management: A Narrative Review.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07789600 (A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Analgesic Efficacy of Magnesium Sulfate as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Local Wound Infiltration for Patients Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Analgesic Efficacy of Magnesium Sulfate as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Local Wound Infiltration for Patients Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM) With Axillary Clearance
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of the postoperative quality of recovery score in radical prostatectomy with erector spinae plane block: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Trial
- Could Wound Instillation Provide an Efficient Analgesia Comparable to That Provided by PECS-II Block for Modified Radical Mastectomy Using Ketamine-Bupivacaine Combination? A Pilot Study.Local and regional anesthesia · 2025Trial
- Investigation of the analgesic effects of rhomboid intercostal and pectoral nerve blocks in breast surgery.Journal of anesthesia · 2024Trial
- The Influence of Analgesic Wound Infiltration on Postoperative Pain and Inflammatory Cytokines in Open Colorectal Surgery: A Randomized Comparative Pilot Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Trial
- Ketamine infiltration improves analgesia after thyroid surgery.F1000Research · 2023Trial
- Intercostal Nerve Block for Bilateral Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy: A Prospective Observational Cohort Comparison of Three Analgesic Protocols.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Efficacy of unilateral laparoscopic-guided abdominal wall block compared to local infiltration in postoperative analgesia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a single-center randomized controlled trial.Wideochirurgia i inne techniki maloinwazyjne = Videosurgery and other miniinvasive techniques · 2026Article
- Wound infiltration with local anesthetics during cesarean delivery with intrathecal opioids: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Pre-Emptive Incision-Site Infiltration with Ropivacaine Combined with Triamcinolone Acetonide versus Ropivacaine for Post-Craniotomy Pain in Adults: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Effect of Dezocine and Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvants in Ropivacaine for Incision Subcutaneous Infiltration Anesthesia on Incision Healing in Diabetic Rats.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Liposomal bupivacaine vs. Ropivacaine for wound infiltration on chronic postsurgical pain after video-assisted thoracoscopic lung surgery: protocol for a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Single-Shot Subcutaneous Lidocaine Infiltration at Closure Is Associated with Reduced Early Pain and Opioid Requirement After Single-Incision Laparoscopic Totally Extraperitoneal Hernia Repair.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Influence of intercostal nerve block preemptive analgesia and incisional infiltration anesthesia on postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2025Article
- The Rise and Refinement of Breast Thread Lifting: A Contemporary Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Comparison of Postoperative Analgesic Profiles Between Transversus Abdominis Plane Block and Local Wound Infiltration in Living Donor Kidney Transplantation Recipients: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Optimization of Postoperative Opioids Use Following Spine Surgery.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
- Microneedles: An Efficient Technique to Increase Transdermal Drug Delivery System.Current drug delivery · 2025Review
- Effect of continuous wound infiltration on patients using intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for pain management after reduced-port laparoscopic colorectal surgery.Annals of coloproctology · 2024Article
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Local anesthetic wound infiltration (WI) provides anesthesia for minor surgical procedures and improves postoperative analgesia as part of multimodal analgesia after general or regional anesthesia. Although pre-incisional block is preferable, in practice WI is usually done at the end of surgery. WI performed as a continuous modality reduces analgesics, prolongs the duration of analgesia, and enhances the patient's mobilization in some cases. WI benefits are documented in open abdominal surgeries (Caesarean section, colorectal surgery, abdominal hysterectomy, herniorrhaphy), laparoscopic cholecystectomy, oncological breast surgeries, laminectomy, hallux valgus surgery, and radical prostatectomy. Surgical site infiltration requires knowledge of anatomy and the pain origin for a procedure, systematic extensive infiltration of local anesthetic in various tissue planes under direct visualization before wound closure or subcutaneously along the incision. Because the incidence of local anesthetic systemic toxicity is 11% after subcutaneous WI, appropriate local anesthetic dosing is crucial. The risk of wound infection is related to the infection incidence after each particular surgery. For WI to fully meet patient and physician expectations, mastery of the technique, patient education, appropriate local anesthetic dosing and management of the surgical wound with "aseptic, non-touch" technique are needed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.