SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome and Predictors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment outcomes and associated factors among persons with pulmonary tuberculosis in Morocco: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning-based prediction of tuberculosis treatment failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of HIV coinfection on tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence and predictive factors of tuberculosis treatment interruption in the Asia region: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Regional trends in childhood tuberculosis case notification and treatment outcomes: Tanzania, 2018-2023.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2026Article
- Prevalence and determinants of unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcomes among children in Northern Ghana: a retrospective review.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- AI/ML-based prediction of TB treatment failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Predictors of Treatment Outcomes Among HIV-Positive Patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Rural Eastern Cape, South Africa: A Retrospective Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Evaluating tuberculosis treatment outcomes and predictors in five Southern African countries: A multi-country cohort analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- A Novel Clinical Nomogram for Predicting Unfavorable Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes: A Logistic Regression Risk Model.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- Article
- High levels of unfavourable treatment outcomes in children with drug-sensitive TB in Sierra Leone.Public health action · 2026Article
- Evolving profiles and treatment success predictors among tuberculosis patients in Uganda from 2019 to 2023: a registry based study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Within-host evolution of drug tolerance inJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Magnitude and determinants of tuberculosis retreatment in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a five-year retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Determinants of drop-offs in the targeted universal tuberculosis testing care cascade among people with HIV in rural and urban facilities in South Africa.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Characterization of the complex TB pharmacogenomic landscape in Africa using bioinformatic tools.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
This review aimed to summarize and estimate the TB treatment success rate and factors associated with unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes in Africa. Potentially eligible primary studies were retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar. The risk of bias and quality of studies was assessed using The Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) appraisal criteria, while heterogeneity across studies was assessed using Cochran's Q test and I2 statistic. Publication bias was checked using the funnel plot and egger's test. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO, numbered CRD42019136986. A total of 26 eligible studies were considered. The overall pooled estimate of TB treatment success rate was found to be 79.0% (95% CI: 76-82%), ranging from 53% (95% CI: 47-58%) in Nigeria to 92% (95% CI: 90-93%) in Ethiopia. The majority of unsuccessful outcomes were attributed to 48% (95% CI: 40-57%) death and 47% (95% CI: 39-55%) of defaulter rate. HIV co-infection and retreatment were significantly associated with an increased risk of unsuccessful treatment outcomes compared to HIV negative and newly diagnosed TB patients with RR of 1.53 (95% CI: 1.36-1.71) and 1.48 (95% CI: 1.14-1.94), respectively. TB treatment success rate was 79% below the WHO defined threshold of 85% with significant variation across countries. Countries need to explore contextual underlining factors and more effort is required in providing TB preventive treatment, improve case screening and linkage for TB treatment among HIV high-risk groups and use confirmatory TB diagnostic modality. Countries in Africa need to strengthen counseling and follow-up, socio-economic support for patients at high risk of loss to follow-up and poor treatment success is also crucial for successful TB control programs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.