ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Diverse Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Activities of Lactoferrins, Lactoferricins, and Other Lactoferrin-Derived Peptides.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preventing Sepsis in Preterm Infants with Bovine Lactoferrin: A Randomized Trial Exploring Immune and Antioxidant Effects.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Advanced antibacterial wound management: comparative study of non-antibiotic drug elution and nanoparticle integration.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Research Progress on Mechanisms of Milk-Derived Functional Components in Regulating Bone Health and the Gut-Bone Axis.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Exploring the influence of lactoferrin on wound healing and related signaling pathways: a systematic review.FEBS open bio · 2026Review
- Lactoferrin-Templated Silver Peroxide Nanoparticles Reinforced Core-Shell Microneedle for Diabetic Infected Wound Sequential Therapy.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Multimodal protective and susceptibility clusters in paediatric atopic dermatitis: A machine learning-based, data-driven observational study.PLoS medicine · 2026Observational
- Detection ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Stage-Specific Proteomic Profiles in Dental Caries.Journal of dental research · 2026Article
- Lactoferrin-Derived Peptides in Cancer Therapy: Structural Features, Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Translation Prospects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Genetically Modified Plants in Agriculture.Biology · 2026Review
- From dairy by-product to cell feed: milk whey for serum-free media and scaffold development in cell-based food production.NPJ science of food · 2026Review
- Whey Proteins and Immunity: Mechanisms Underlying Immune System Reinforcement and Protection Against Viral and Bacterial Infections.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The Protective and Regenerative Potential of Lactoferrin in Hair and Skin Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Beyond the Barrier: Epithelial Cells as Immune Sentinels in the Female Genital Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Bioactive Peptides from Bovine Colostrum: Sources, Structures, and Biomedical Applications.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Multifunctional Peptides from Equine Milk Lactoferrin: Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity In Silico and In Vitro.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Expression of a recombinant lactoferrin N-terminal functional fragment in three expression systems and its efficacy against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 infection.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Lactoferrin and Its Enzymatic Hydrolysates as Natural Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Agents for Food Preservation.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From Cheese Whey to Functional Ingredients: Upcycling Whey Proteins for Cardiovascular and Immunomodulatory Health-Evidence Mapping and Perspectives from Portugal.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lactoferrins are an iron-binding glycoprotein that have important protective roles in the mammalian body through their numerous functions, which include antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities. Among these, their antimicrobial activity has been the most studied, although the mechanism behind antimicrobial activities remains to be elucidated. Thirty years ago, the first lactoferrin-derived peptide was isolated and showed higher antimicrobial activity than the native lactoferrin lactoferricin. Since then, numerous studies have investigated the antimicrobial potencies of lactoferrins, lactoferricins, and other lactoferrin-derived peptides to better understand their antimicrobial activities at the molecular level. This review defines the current antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities of lactoferrins, lactoferricins, and lactoferrin-derived peptides. The primary focus is on their different mechanisms of activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The role of their structure, amino-acid composition, conformation, charge, hydrophobicity, and other factors that affect their mechanisms of antimicrobial activity are also reviewed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.