ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Atypical Renal Clearance of Nanoparticles Larger Than the Kidney Filtration Threshold.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Analyzing Molecular Determinants of Nanodrugs' Cytotoxic Effects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Beta-cyclodextrin-based polymerized nanocarriers for doxorubicin delivery to cancer cells.Nanoscale advances · 2026Article
- Green-Synthesized Nanomaterials for Kidney Cancer: Current Progress and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Transplacental Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Maternal-Fetal DNA Damage and Organ Accumulation.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Reprogramming innate immunity through viral interference: A double-edged strategy for enhancing and containing gene therapies.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Potential of Silver Nanoparticles in Imaging Diagnostics and Image-Guided Applications: A Narrative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Titanium dioxide nanoparticles in oncology: synthesis, application, and challenges.Cell biology and toxicology · 2026Review
- Silica nanoparticles as advanced platforms for nucleic acid delivery.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Nano-formulated curcumin uptake and biodistribution in the fetal growth restricted newborn piglet brain.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Glomerular routing of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles substantiates urinary biopsy.Science advances · 2026Article
- Research progress of nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Quantitative Assessment of Particulate Matter Biodistribution UsingEnvironmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Nanoplastic toxicity and uptake in kidney cells: differential effects of concentration, particle size, and polymer type.Cell biology and toxicology · 2026Article
- Precision Nanomedicine for Renal Tubular Injury: From Passive Accumulation to Subcellular Targeting.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- The Application of Nanomaterials in Kidney Stone Disease: Emerging Strategies for Early Diagnosis, Targeted Therapy, and Prevention.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Illumination of Targeting Nanotherapeutics with Precision Eyes: From Optical to Radio-nanotheranostics.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Biological Safety Analysis of Nanoparticles: Exploring Toxicity, Mechanisms, and Safety Factors for Pharmaceuticals.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Prediction of silica nanoparticle biodistribution using a calibrated physiologically based model: Unbound fraction and elimination rate constants for the kidneys and phagocytosis identified as major determinants.International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters for Bioimaging and Therapy: Progress and Perspectives.JACS Au · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In recent years, several publications reported that nanoparticles larger than the kidney filtration threshold were found intact in the urine after being injected into laboratory mice. This theoretically should not be possible, as it is widely known that the kidneys prevent molecules larger than 6-8 nm from escaping into the urine. This is interesting because it implies that some nanoparticles can overcome the size limit for renal clearance. What kinds of nanoparticles can "bypass" the glomerular filtration barrier and cross into the urine? What physical and chemical characteristics are essential for nanoparticles to have this ability? And what are the biomolecular and cellular mechanisms that are involved? This review attempts to answer those questions and summarize known reports of renal-clearable large nanoparticles.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.