ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Targeted Delivery to the Brain: Potential and Challenges of the Extracellular Vesicle-Based Approach for Brain Tumor Treatment.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extracellular vesicles: Navigating new frontiers in glioblastoma therapy.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in spine tumors: biological roles, immune modulation, and therapeutic implications.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
- Engineering Extracellular Vesicles for Tumor Targeted Therapy: Source Optimization, Modification, and Clinical Application.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Pathophysiological and Etiological Corroborations for the Mechanistic Design of Intranasal Therapies in Glioblastoma Multiforme.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune responses in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: cellular roles, crosstalk, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Delivery of LOXL1-AS1-siRNAs using targeting peptide-engineered extracellular vesicles with focused ultrasound to suppress medulloblastoma metastasis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- The role of GATA4 in mesenchymal stem cell senescence: A new frontier in regenerative medicine.Regenerative therapy · 2025Review
- Engineered mesenchymal stem/stromal cells against cancer.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- Molecular Mechanisms and Pathways of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-mediated Therapy in Brain Cancer.Current stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Neurotrophic factors in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Single Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Migration Tracking into Glioblastoma Using Photoconvertible Vesicles.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Extracellular Matrix Structure and Interaction with Immune Cells in Adult Astrocytic Tumors.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Precision Nanomedicine with Bio-Inspired Nanosystems: Recent Trends and Challenges in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Membrane-Coated Bioengineered Nanocarriers in Targeted Nanotherapeutics.Journal of xenobiotics · 2024Review
- Application of mesenchymal stem cells for neurodegenerative diseases therapy discovery.Regenerative therapy · 2024Review
- Advances in the application of extracellular vesicles derived from three-dimensional culture of stem cells.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Exosomes: potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Require Mitochondrial Transfer and Quality Control.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue as a Natural Scaffold for Targeted Drug Delivery in Brain Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Spinal Cord Injury: Current Progress and Future Prospects.Biology · 2023Review
- Living Cells and Cell-Derived Vesicles: A Trojan Horse Technique for Brain Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Treating brain tumors presents enormous challenges, and there are still poor prognoses in both adults and children. Application of novel targets and potential drugs is hindered by the function of the blood-brain barrier, which significantly restricts therapeutic access to the tumor. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can cross biological barriers, migrate to sites of injuries to exert many healing effects, and be engineered to incorporate different types of cargo, making them an ideal vehicle to transport anti-tumor agents to the central nervous system. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by MSCs (MSC-EVs) have valuable innate properties from parent cells, and are being exploited as cell-free treatments for many neurological diseases. Compared to using MSCs, targeted delivery via MSC-EVs has a better pharmacokinetic profile, yet avoids many critical issues of cell-based systems. As the field of MSC therapeutic applications is quickly expanding, this article aims to give an overall picture for one direction of EV-based targeting of brain tumors, with updates on available techniques, outcomes of experimental models, and critical challenges of this concept.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.