ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
K-RAS Acts as a Critical Regulator of CD44 to Promote the Invasiveness and Stemness of GBM in Response to Ionizing Radiation.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Translational insights and clinical challenges of targeting cancer stem cells.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Co-targeting CDK4/6 and MEK reverses mesenchymal transition in therapy-refractory BRAF-altered pediatric high-grade glioma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Article
- Progress in molecular markers associated with radiotherapy efficacy in glioma.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Interaction between microRNA and KRAS in Glioblastoma.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Glycoprotein NMB mediates bidirectional GSC-TAM interactions to promote tumor progression.JCI insight · 2025Article
- The Role of RAS in CNS Tumors: A Key Player or an Overlooked Oncogene?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- RSL3 sensitizes glioma cells to ionizing radiation by suppressing TGM2-dependent DNA damage repair and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Redox biology · 2024Article
- Accurate estimation of pathway activity in single cells for clustering and differential analysis.Genome research · 2024Article
- Cancer stem cells: advances in knowledge and implications for cancer therapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- CD44 and its implication in neoplastic diseases.MedComm · 2024Review
- CD44: A New Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer?Cancers · 2024Review
- Role of the mechanical microenvironment on CD-44 expression of breast adenocarcinoma in response to radiotherapy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- An ATR-PrimPol pathway confers tolerance to oncogenic KRAS-induced and heterochromatin-associated replication stress.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Identifying patients suitable for targeted adjuvant therapy: advances in the field of developing biomarkers for tumor recurrence following irradiation.Expert review of precision medicine and drug development · 2023Article
- Glioblastoma survival is associated with distinct proteomic alteration signatures post chemoirradiation in a large-scale proteomic panel.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- The microRNA-202 as a Diagnostic Biomarker and a Potential Tumor Suppressor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Identification of Synergistic Drug Combinations to Target KRAS-Driven Chemoradioresistant Cancers Utilizing Tumoroid Models of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma and Recurrent Glioblastoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a current standard-of-care treatment and is used widely for GBM patients. However, radiation therapy still remains a significant barrier to getting a successful outcome due to the therapeutic resistance and tumor recurrence. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of this resistance and recurrence would provide an efficient approach for improving the therapy for GBM treatment. Here, we identified a regulatory mechanism of CD44 which induces infiltration and mesenchymal shift of GBM. Ionizing radiation (IR)-induced K-RAS/ERK signaling activation elevates CD44 expression through downregulation of miR-202 and miR-185 expression. High expression of CD44 promotes SRC activation to induce cancer stemness and EMT features of GBM cells. In this study, we demonstrate that the K-RAS/ERK/CD44 axis is a key mechanism in regulating mesenchymal shift of GBM cells after irradiation. These findings suggest that blocking the K-RAS activation or CD44 expression could provide an efficient way for GBM treatment.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.