ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Pharmacological and Toxicological Effects of Phytocannabinoids and Recreational Synthetic Cannabinoids: Increasing Risk of Public Health.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ultra-high sensitive MSPE-UPLC-MS/MS method based on magnetic nanoparticles for the detection of synthetic cannabinoids in wastewater.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Article
- Identification and Investigation of the Intrinsic Receptor Activation Potential and Metabolization of the New Oxo-Pyridyl Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist CH-FUBBMPDORA.Drug testing and analysis · 2025Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of the Endocannabinoid System with a Focus on Reproductive Physiology and the Cannabinoid Impact on Fertility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Field-Portable Device for Detection of Controlled and Psychoactive Substances from e-Cigarettes.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Clinical and Public Health Challenge of Handling Synthetic Cathinone and Cannabinoid Abuse in Pediatric Care: A Narrative Review.Pediatric reports · 2025Review
- Age-specific effects of synthetic cannabinoids on cognitive function and hippocampal gene expression in mice: insights from behavioral and molecular correlates.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Clinical Evaluation of the Cannabis-Using Patient: A Moving Target.The Permanente journal · 2024Review
- Evidence for enduring cardiac and multiorgan toxicity after repeated exposure to the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 in male rats.Toxicology · 2024Article
- Identification of phase-I and phase-II metabolites and the metabolic pathway of the novel synthetic cannabinoid 5F-EDMB-PICA in vitro.Archives of toxicology · 2024Article
- JWH-182: a safe and effective synthetic cannabinoid for chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain in preclinical models.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Late-onset Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency diagnosis complicated by fulminant myocarditis in adult patient.Journal of intensive medicine · 2024Article
- Pharmacological evaluation of new generation OXIZID synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists.European journal of pharmacology · 2024Article
- The synthetic cannabinoid 5-fluoro ABICA upregulates angiogenic markers and stimulates tube formation in human brain microvascular endothelial cells.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2024Article
- Potential perioperative cardiovascular outcomes in cannabis/cannabinoid users. A call for caution.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Encapsulation of Hemp (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Adolescent exposure to the Spice/K2 cannabinoid JWH-018 impairs sensorimotor gating and alters cortical perineuronal nets in a sex-dependent manner.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Should oncologists trust cannabinoids?Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Identification of Novel Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor Agonists from Botanical Compounds and Preliminary Evaluation of Their Anti-Osteoporotic Effects.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Synthetic Cannabinoids (CBs) are a novel class of psychoactive substances that have rapidly evolved around the world with the addition of diverse structural modifications to existing molecules which produce new structural analogues that can be associated with serious adverse health effects. Synthetic CBs represent the largest class of drugs detected by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) with a total of 207 substances identified from 2008 to October 2020, and 9 compounds being reported for the first time. Synthetic CBs are sprayed on natural harmless herbs with an aim to mimic the euphoric effect of Cannabis. They are sold under different brand names including Black mamba, spice, K2, Bombay Blue, etc. As these synthetic CBs act as full agonists at the CB receptors, they are much more potent than natural Cannabis and have been increasingly associated with acute to chronic intoxications and death. Due to their potential toxicity and abuse, the US government has listed some synthetic CBs under schedule 1 classification. The present review aims to provide a focused overview of the literature concerning the development of synthetic CBs, their abuse, and potential toxicological effects including renal toxicity, respiratory depression, hyperemesis syndrome, cardiovascular effects, and a range of effects on brain function.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.