ReviewGenes2021
Gene Amplification and the Extrachromosomal Circular DNA.
Review in Genes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Targeting extrachromosomal DNA in human cancers.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- The newfound relationship between extrachromosomal DNAs and excised signal circles.FEBS letters · 2026Review
- Galectin-9Aging cell · 2026Article
- Optimized CRISPR-Cas9 system for efficient engineering of ecDNA in cancer cells.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- KCTD10 as a selective cancer dependency from transcription-replication conflicts (TRCs).Ageing and cancer research & treatment · 2026Article
- Unveiling the mysteries of extrachromosomal circular DNA: from generation to clinical relevance in human cancers and health.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Article
- Beyond the Chromosome: Recent Developments in Decoding the Significance of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA (eccDNA) in Human Malignancies.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA): from carcinogenesis to drug resistance.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Review
- PDGFRA, KIT, and KDR Gene Amplification in Glioblastoma: Heterogeneity and Clinical Significance.Neuromolecular medicine · 2023Article
- Leveraging extrachromosomal DNA to fine-tune trials of targeted therapy for glioblastoma: opportunities and challenges.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2022Review
- Extrachromosomal circular DNA: biogenesis, structure, functions and diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
- Article
- Mutation or not, what directly establishes a neoplastic state, namely cellular immortality and autonomy, still remains unknown and should be prioritized in our research.Journal of Cancer · 2022Review
- Extrachromosomal circular DNA in cancer drug resistance and its potential clinical implications.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Oncogene amplification is closely linked to the pathogenesis of a broad spectrum of human malignant tumors. The amplified genes localize either to the extrachromosomal circular DNA, which has been referred to as cytogenetically visible double minutes (DMs), or submicroscopic episome, or to the chromosomal homogeneously staining region (HSR). The extrachromosomal circle from a chromosome arm can initiate gene amplification, resulting in the formation of DMs or HSR, if it had a sequence element required for replication initiation (the replication initiation region/matrix attachment region; the IR/MAR), under a genetic background that permits gene amplification. In this article, the nature, intracellular behavior, generation, and contribution to cancer genome plasticity of such extrachromosomal circles are summarized and discussed by reviewing recent articles on these topics. Such studies are critical in the understanding and treating human cancer, and also for the production of recombinant proteins such as biopharmaceuticals by increasing the recombinant genes in the cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.