Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34680829›Full record

ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2021

National Antibiotics Utilization Trends for Human Use in Tanzania from 2010 to 2016 Inferred from Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority Importation Data.

Raphael Zozimus Sangeda, Habibu Ally Saburi, Faustine Cassian Masatu, Beatrice Godwin Aiko, Erick Alexander Mboya, Sonia Mkumbwa, Adonis Bitegeko, Yonah Hebron Mwalwisi, Emmanuel Alphonse Nkiligi, Mhina Chambuso and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Raphael Zozimus SangedaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65013, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.ORCID 0000-0002-6574-5308
Habibu Ally SaburiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65013, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Faustine Cassian MasatuTanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority, P.O. Box 77150, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Beatrice Godwin AikoDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65013, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Erick Alexander MboyaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Sonia MkumbwaTanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority, P.O. Box 77150, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Adonis BitegekoTanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority, P.O. Box 77150, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Yonah Hebron MwalwisiTanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority, P.O. Box 77150, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Emmanuel Alphonse NkiligiTanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority, P.O. Box 77150, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Mhina ChambusoDepartment of Pharmacy, Kampala International University in Tanzania, P.O. Box 9790, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Hiiti Baran SilloRegulation and Prequalification Department, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Adam M FimboTanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority, P.O. Box 77150, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Pius Gerald HorumpendeDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P.O. Box 2232, Moshi, Tanzania.

Funding

Tuberculosis Research Institute at MUHASD43TW009573 · FIC · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI ADAMS, LISA VIRGINIA · 2013 to 2022
$3.0M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW009573World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antimicrobial use (AMU) is one of the major drivers of emerging antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The surveillance of AMU, which is a pillar of AMR stewardship (AMS), helps devise strategies to mitigate AMR. This descriptive, longitudinal retrospective study quantified the trends in human antibiotics utilization between 2010 and 2016 using data on all antibiotics imported for systemic human use into Tanzania's mainland. Regression and time series analyses were used to establish trends in antibiotics use. A total of 12,073 records for antibiotics were retrieved, totaling 154.51 Defined Daily Doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID), with a mean (±standard deviation) of 22.07 (±48.85) DID. The private sector contributed 93.76% of utilized antibiotics. The top-ranking antibiotics were amoxicillin, metronidazole, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and cefalexin. The DIDs and percentage contribution of these antibiotics were 53.78 (34.81%), 23.86 (15.44), 20.53 (13.29), 9.27 (6.0) and 6.94 (4.49), respectively. The time series model predicted a significant increase in utilization (

Indexed as

Anatomical Therapeutic and Chemical Classificationantibiotics utilizationantimicrobialantimicrobial resistanceantimicrobial useDefined Daily DoseTanzania

Identifiers

PMID34680829
PMCPMC8532727

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.