ReviewAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Ventriculitis: Infection or Inflammation.
Review in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of reviews on ventriculostomy related infection definitions: A fundamental problem.Neurosurgical review · 2025Pooled it
- Association Between Pain, Agitation, and Intracranial Pressure with Cerebral Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically Ill Children: A Prospective Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- From antimicrobial-impregnated to standard catheters for external ventricular drainage: a single-center before-and-after cohort study.Acta neurochirurgica · 2026Article
- Meta-Analytic Modeling to Define Decision Thresholds for Cerebrospinal Fluid Heparin-Binding Protein in Healthcare-Associated Ventriculitis and Meningitis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- CSF Leukocytes in Intracranial Infections: Diagnostic, Mechanistic, and Therapeutic Insights for Neurocritical Care.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Assessment of Vancomycin Penetration into Cerebrospinal Fluid in Patients with Ventriculitis Using a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Approach.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Community-Acquired Pneumococcal Ventriculitis as a Complication of Otogenic Pneumococcal Meningitis: A Case Report.Case reports in infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Cerebrospinal Drain Infection byJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Risk, Predictive, and Preventive Factors for Noninfectious Ventriculitis and External Ventricular Drain Infection.Neurocritical care · 2024Article
- Management of external ventricular drain: to wean or not to wean?Acta neurochirurgica · 2024Article
- Ventriculostomy-associated infection (VAI) in patients with acute brain injury-a retrospective study.Acta neurochirurgica · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ventriculitis, or infection of the cerebrospinal fluid, in the presence of external ventricular drains (EVD), is an important complication and associated with substantial mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs. Further, the conditions that require the insertion of an EVD, such as neurotrauma and subarachnoid hemorrhage, are themselves associated with inflammation of the cerebrospinal fluid. Phenotypically, patients with inflammation of the cerebrospinal fluid can present with very similar symptoms, signs, and laboratory findings to those with infection. This review examines various controversies relating to the definitions, diagnosis, challenges of differentiating infection from inflammation, prevention, and treatment of ventriculitis in patients with EVDs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.