Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34680064›Full record

ArticleBiomolecules2021

Insight into the Lubrication and Adhesion Properties of Hyaluronan for Ocular Drug Delivery.

Mikuláš Černohlávek, Martina Brandejsová, Petr Štěpán, Hana Vagnerová, Martina Hermannová, Kateřina Kopecká, Jaromír Kulhánek, David Nečas, Martin Vrbka, Vladimir Velebný and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomolecules, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Effect of different artificial tears on tear film parameters in dry eye disease.Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry · 2025
    Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Dual Evaluation ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Hyaluronic Acid in Nanopharmaceuticals: An Overview.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mikuláš ČernohlávekDepartment of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0002-1026-964X
Martina BrandejsováDepartment of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic.
Petr ŠtěpánDepartment of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic.
Hana VagnerováDepartment of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic.
Martina HermannováDepartment of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic.
Kateřina KopeckáDepartment of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic.
Jaromír KulhánekDepartment of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic.
David NečasDepartment of Tribology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0002-3843-8732
Martin VrbkaDepartment of Tribology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0002-2845-3752
Vladimir VelebnýDepartment of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic.
Gloria Huerta-AngelesDepartment of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0002-8139-9820
Contipro (Czechia) · CZBrno University of Technology · CZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hyaluronan (HA) is widely used for eye drops as lubricant to counteract dry eye disease. High and low molecular weight HA are currently used in ophthalmology. However, a large portion of the current literature on friction and lubrication addresses articular (joint) cartilage. Therefore, eye drops compositions based on HA and its derivatized forms are extensively characterized providing data on the tribological and mucoadhesive properties. The physiochemical properties are investigated in buffers used commonly in eye drops formulations. The tribological investigation reveals that amphiphilic HA-C12 decreases the friction coefficient. At the same time, the combination of trehalose/HA or HAC12 enhances up to eighty-fold the mucoadhesiveness. Thus, it is predicted a prolonged residence time on the surface of the eye. The incorporation of trehalose enhances the protection of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells, as demonstrated in an in-vitro cell-desiccation model. The presence of trehalose increases the friction coefficient. Medium molecular weight HA shows significantly lower friction coefficient than high molecular weight HA. This research represents a first, wide array of features of diverse HA forms for eye drops contributing to increase the knowledge of these preparations. The results here presented also provide valuable information for the design of highly performing HA-formulations addressing specific needs before preclinic.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsLubricationAdhesivenessAnimalsDesiccationEyeFiltrationFrictionHaCaT CellsHumansHyaluronic AcidMucusNephelometry and TurbidimetryOphthalmic SolutionsProton Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyRheologyHyaluronic AcidOphthalmic Solutionsbiotribologyeye dropsfrictionhyaluronanlubrication

Identifiers

PMID34680064
PMCPMC8533502
OpenAlexW3204571073

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.