Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34679066›Full record

ArticleVeterinary sciences2021

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Canine Leishmaniasis in Egypt.

Abdelfattah Selim, Salma Shoulah, Abdelhamed Abdelhady, Abdulaziz Alouffi, Yasser Alraey, Waleed S Al-Salem

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Epidemiological study ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026
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  7. Prevalence of equine lungworm (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026
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  8. Seroprevalence, clinical investigation, and risk factors associated withJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2025
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  9. Article
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  11. Article
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  14. Review
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  16. Occurrence of Leishmania spp. DNA and specific antibodies in dogs from Acre State, Rio Branco, Brazil.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2024
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023
    Article
  19. Canine visceral leishmaniasis: risk factors and spatial analysis in an endemic area of Northeastern Brazil.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2023
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Abdelfattah SelimDepartment of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), College of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-0211-2853
Salma ShoulahDepartment of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), College of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt.
Abdelhamed AbdelhadyDepartment of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Center, Giza 8655, Egypt.
Abdulaziz AlouffiKing Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia.
Yasser AlraeyDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-5809-7525
Waleed S Al-SalemDepartment of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK.
Benha University · EGKing Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology · SAKing Khalid University · SALiverpool School of Tropical Medicine · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCanine leishmaniasis (CanL) is caused by

methodsThe present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of CanL in dogs from Egypt and assessed the associated risk factors. The study was conducted from 2019 to 2020 in five governorates situated in Northern Egypt. Serum samples from 450 asymptomatic dogs were serologically examined by use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

resultsOverall, the seroprevalence rate of CanL was 21.3% and the highest rates were observed in Cairo and Giza governorates. The univariable analysis revealed that the seropositivity of CanL was strongly related to the dogs' ages, length of hair, absence of veterinary care or application of insecticides, and the type of floor of their shelters. The risk factors that were found to be associated with CanL in exposed dogs were: age group 2-4 years old (OR = 12, 95% CI: 1.6-92.3); short hair (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.2-3.6); absence of veterinary care (OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.3-5.8); no application of insecticides (OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.5-6.5) and their residence in a shelter with an earthen floor (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 0.7-2.9).

conclusionsBased on the present results, CanL is present in Egyptian dogs and this increases the possibility of transmission by sand fly to humans with whom they have contact. Consequently, an efficient monitoring programme and effective control measures are important to reduce the risk of infection.

Indexed as

dogsEgyptELISAL. infantum

Identifiers

PMID34679066
PMCPMC8541007
OpenAlexW3205982440

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.