ReviewToxics2021
Microbial Transglutaminase Is a Very Frequently Used Food Additive and Is a Potential Inducer of Autoimmune/Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Review in Toxics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mass Screening Strategies for Celiac Disease in Apparently Healthy Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Genetically Modified Microorganisms: Risks and Regulatory Considerations for Human and Environmental Health.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Microbial transglutaminase in food biotechnology: from biochemical mechanisms to industrial applications.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Edible Scaffolds for Cultivated Meat Production.Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology · 2026Review
- Microbial Transglutaminase Increases Uptake and Translocation of Gliadin Peptides in the Human Intestinal Epithelium.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Article
- Microbial Transglutaminase-The Food Additive, a Potential Inducing Factor in Primary Biliary Cholangitis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Influence of Microbial Transglutaminase on the Formation of Physico-Chemical Properties of Meat Analogs.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Effects of Laccase and Transglutaminase on the Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Hybrid Lupin and Whey Protein Powder.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Investigating the Effect of Processing and Material Parameters of Alginate Dialdehyde-Gelatin (ADA-GEL)-Based Hydrogels on Stiffness by XGB Machine Learning Model.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Potential Harmful Effects of Genetically Engineered Microorganisms (GEMs) on the Intestinal Microbiome and Public Health.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Cross-reactivity and sequence similarity between microbial transglutaminase and human tissue antigens.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Gut-Targeted Epitopes: Sequence Similarity and Cross-Reactivity Join Together for Molecular Mimicry.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Applications of Enzyme Technology to Enhance Transition to Plant Proteins: A Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Microbiological transglutaminase: Biotechnological application in the food industry.Open life sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microbial transglutaminase (mTG) is a heavily used food additive and its industrial transamidated complexes usage is rising rapidly. It was classified as a processing aid and was granted the GRAS (generally recognized as safe) definition, thus escaping full and thorough toxic and safety evaluations. Despite the manufacturers claims, mTG or its cross-linked compounds are immunogenic, pathogenic, proinflammatory, allergenic and toxic, and pose a risk to public health. The enzyme is a member of the transglutaminase family and imitates the posttranslational modification of gluten, by the tissue transglutaminase, which is the autoantigen of celiac disease. The deamidated and transamidated gliadin peptides lose their tolerance and induce the gluten enteropathy. Microbial transglutaminase and its complexes increase intestinal permeability, suppresses enteric protective pathways, enhances microbial growth and gliadin peptide's epithelial uptake and can transcytose intra-enterocytically to face the sub-epithelial immune cells. The present review updates on the potentially detrimental side effects of mTG, aiming to interest the scientific community, induce food regulatory authorities' debates on its safety, and protect the public from the mTG unwanted effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.