ReviewMolecular and cellular neurosciences2021
Axonal spheroids in neurodegeneration.
Review in Molecular and cellular neurosciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Oligodendrocyte dysfunction in human age-related cognitive decline.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Myelin sheaths persist for weeks following axon degeneration.Science advances · 2026Article
- Chr:17q21.31 locus risk haplotype H1 susceptibility to ferroptosis is mediated by endolysosomal pathway.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- HCMV infection of terminally differentiated neurons disrupts microtubule organization, resulting in neurite retraction.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Monkeypox virus spreads from cell-to-cell and leads to neuronal death in human neural organoids.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Subcellular proteomics and iPSC modeling uncover reversible mechanisms of axonal pathology in Alzheimer's disease.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Mutation inFrontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Axonal spheroids are regulated by Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injury.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Autism candidate genebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic effects in neurocysticercosis.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Therapeutic potential of human microglia transplantation in a chimeric model of CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy.Neuron · 2024Article
- Genetic Targets and Applications of Iron Chelators for Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation.ACS bio & med chem Au · 2024Review
- Human post-mortem organotypic brain slice cultures: a tool to study pathomechanisms and test therapies.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2024Article
- Mature neurons from iPSCs unveil neurodegeneration-related pathways in mucopolysaccharidosis type II: GSK-3β inhibition for therapeutic potential.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Article
- CaNeural regeneration research · 2023Article
- Microglia-mediated demyelination protects against CD8Nature communications · 2023Article
- The role of mechanics in axonal stability and development.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2023Review
- Degeneration of muscle spindles in a murine model of Pompe disease.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Axonal spheroids are bubble-like biological features that form on most degenerating axons, yet little is known about their influence on degenerative processes. Their formation and growth has been observed in response to various degenerative triggers such as injury, oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, and neurotoxic molecules. They often contain cytoskeletal elements and organelles, and, depending on the pathological insult, can colocalize with disease-related proteins such as amyloid precursor protein (APP), ubiquitin, and motor proteins. Initial formation of axonal spheroids depends on the disruption of axonal and membrane tension governed by cytoskeleton structure and calcium levels. Shortly after spheroid formation, the engulfment signal phosphatidylserine (PS) is exposed on the outer leaflet of spheroid plasma membrane, suggesting an important role for axonal spheroids in phagocytosis and debris clearance during degeneration. Spheroids can grow until they rupture, allowing pro-degenerative factors to exit the axon into extracellular space and accelerating neurodegeneration. Though much remains to be discovered in this area, axonal spheroid research promises to lend insight into the etiologies of neurodegenerative disease, and may be an important target for therapeutic intervention. This review summarizes over 100 years of work, describing what is known about axonal spheroid structure, regulation and function.
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Registered trials
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