ArticleMetabolites2021
Application of Thin-Film Microextraction to Analyze Volatile Metabolites in A549 Cancer Cells.
Article in Metabolites, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring Components, Sensors, and Techniques for Cancer Detection via eNose Technology: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Review
- Molecular Analysis of Volatile Metabolites Synthesized byBiomolecules · 2024Article
- Modern approaches for detection of volatile organic compounds in metabolic studies focusing on pathogenic bacteria: Current state of the art.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been proposed in the last two decades as biomarkers for disease detection and therapeutic monitoring. Model in vitro experiments with established cell lines are fundamental to clarify whether given VOCs originate from normal human cells or pathogens, including transformed cancer cells. Due to the trace concentrations of target metabolites, adsorptive enrichment is needed before gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) being perfectly suited for this purpose. Here, a modification of SPME, the thin-film microextraction (TFME) technique, is proposed for analysis of cellular VOCs, which utilizes a planar mesh coated with stationary phase to increase the extraction phase volume and active surface area. In this study, four different adsorbents were compared: carboxen, divinylbenzene, hydrophobic-lipophilic balanced and polydimethylsiloxane. Amongst them, HLB sheets using poly(divinylbenzene-co-N-vinyl-pyrrolidone) skeleton structure proved to be the most versatile, enabling the most sensitive analysis of VOCs with a broad polarity and volatility. For HLB, sampling type (internal static headspace, external bi-directional headspace), extraction temperature and extraction time were also examined. An established method was successfully applied to analyze metabolites produced by A549 cells revealing five volatiles at significantly higher (additionally benzaldehyde at lower) levels in cell culture medium compared to the cell-free reference medium headspace.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.